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Particle acceleration in collisionless plasma systems is a central question in astroplasma and astroparticle physics. The structure of the acceleration regions, electron-ion energy equilibration, preacceleration of particles at shocks to…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-02-19 Martin Pohl , Masahiro Hoshino , Jacek Niemiec

A method for the optimisation and advanced studies of a laser-plasma electron injector is presented, based on a truncated ionisation injection scheme for high quality beam production. The SMILEI code is used with laser envelope…

We present an acceleration method for sequences of large-scale linear systems, such as the ones arising from the numerical solution of time-dependent partial differential equations coupled with algebraic constraints. We discuss different…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-03-29 Margherita Guido , Daniel Kressner , Paolo Ricci

The Particle-In-Cell (PIC) method is widely used in relativistic particle beam and laser plasma modeling. However, the PIC method exhibits numerical instabilities that can render unphysical simulation results or even destroy the simulation.…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2016-05-04 M. D. Meyers , C. -K. Huang , Y. Zeng , S. A. Yi , B. J. Albright

The particle-in-cell (PIC) method is a well-established and widely used kinetic plasma modelling approach that provides a hybrid Lagrangian-Eulerian approach to solve the plasma kinetic equation. Despite its power in capturing details of…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2024-11-11 Maryam Reza , Farbod Faraji , Aaron Knoll

Particle-in-cell codes are now standard tools for studying ultra-intense laser-plasma interactions. Motivated by direct laser acceleration of electrons in sub-critical plasmas, we examine temporal resolution requirements that must be…

Energy conserving particle-in-cell schemes are constructed for a class of reduced relativistic Vlasov--Maxwell equations of laser-plasma interaction. Discrete Poisson equation is also satisfied by the numerical solution. Specifically,…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-11-30 Yingzhe Li

Particle-In-Cell (PIC) methods are frequently used for kinetic, high-fidelity simulations of plasmas. Implicit formulations of PIC algorithms feature strong conservation properties, up to numerical round-off errors, and are not subject to…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2021-10-26 R. Kube , R. M. Churchill , B. Sturdevant

Validity of fluid models breaks down for non-thermal or weakly collisional plasmas which often occur e.g. in the solar wind. In these regimes one has to resort to modelling through the first-principle Vlasov-Maxwell system, but its…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2025-12-01 Rostislav-Paul Wilhelm , Fabio Bacchini

When a charged particle moves through a plasma at a speed much higher than the thermal velocity of the plasma, it is subjected to the force of the electrostatic field induced in the plasma by itself and loses its energy. This process is…

Computational Physics · Physics 2013-12-20 Tsunehiko N. Kato

Representing the electrodynamics of relativistically drifting particle ensembles in discrete, co-propagating Galilean coordinates enables the derivation of a Particle-in-Cell algorithm that is intrinsically free of the Numerical Cherenkov…

Particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations are essential for studying kinetic plasma processes, but they often suffer from statistical noise, especially in plasmas with fast flows. We have also found that the typical central difference scheme used…

Computational Physics · Physics 2025-06-16 Yuxi Chen , Hongyang Zhou , Gabor Toth

Particle-in-Cell (PIC) method is a powerful plasma simulation tool for investigating high-intensity femtosecond laser-matter interaction. However, its simulation capability at high-density plasmas around the Fermi temperature is considered…

We extend the recently-developed explicit, energy-conserving particle-in-cell (PIC) scheme of [1] to the relativistic Vlasov-Maxwell system. As in the non-relativistic case, the method is built on an optimization problem that is…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2026-05-19 Lee Ricketson , Jingwei Hu

The correct modelling of velocity distribution functions for particles in steady-state plasmas is a central element in the study of nuclear fusion and also in the description of space plasmas. In this work, a statistical mechanical…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2019-09-04 Sergio Davis , Gonzalo Avaria , Biswajit Bora , Jalaj Jain , José Moreno , Cristian Pavez , Leopoldo Soto

Achieving large-scale kinetic modelling is a crucial task for the development and optimization of modern plasma devices. With the trend of decreasing pressure in applications such as plasma etching, kinetic simulations are necessary to…

We propose a scheme to calculate the reduced plasma frequency of a cylindrical-shaped electron beam flowing inside of a cylindrical tunnel, based on results obtained from Particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations. In PIC simulations, we modulate…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2022-11-23 Tarek Mealy , Robert Marosi , Filippo Capolino

The $\delta f$ particle-in-cell algorithm has been a useful tool in studying the physics of plasmas, particularly turbulent magnetized plasmas in the context of gyrokinetics. The reduction in noise due to not having to resolve the full…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2016-05-25 George J. Wilkie , William Dorland

The Particle-in-Cell (PIC) simulation has been a widely used method for studying plasma physics. However, fully three-dimensional PIC simulations always require huge computational resources. For problems with near azimuthal symmetry, recent…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2024-02-09 Jianzhao Wang , Weiming An , Rong Tang , Weiyu Meng , Jiayong Zhong

Direct studies of intense laser-solid interactions is still of great challenges, because of the many coupled physical mechanisms, such as direct laser heating, ionization dynamics, collision among charged particles, and electrostatic or…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2017-03-16 D. Wu , X. T. He , W. Yu , S. Fritzsche