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Large-language models are notoriously famous for their impressive performance across a wide range of tasks. One surprising example of such impressive performance is a recently identified capacity of LLMs to understand the governing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Oussama Zekri , Abdelhakim Benechehab , Ievgen Redko

In this paper, we study the stochastic gradient descent (SGD) method for the nonconvex nonsmooth optimization, and propose an accelerated SGD method by combining the variance reduction technique with Nesterov's extrapolation technique.…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-02-18 Feihu Huang , Songcan Chen

We investigate the inherent bias of Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) toward learning low-rank weight matrices during the training of deep neural networks. Our results demonstrate that training with mini-batch SGD and weight decay induces a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Tomer Galanti , Zachary S. Siegel , Aparna Gupte , Tomaso Poggio

Under mild assumptions stochastic gradient methods asymptotically achieve an optimal rate of convergence if the arithmetic mean of all iterates is returned as an approximate optimal solution. However, in the absence of stochastic noise, the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-10-06 Melinda Hagedorn , Florian Jarre

Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) is an immensely popular approach for online learning in settings where data arrives in a stream or data sizes are very large. However, despite an ever-increasing volume of work on SGD, much less is known…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-03-06 Weijie J. Su , Yuancheng Zhu

We show that parametric models trained by a stochastic gradient method (SGM) with few iterations have vanishing generalization error. We prove our results by arguing that SGM is algorithmically stable in the sense of Bousquet and Elisseeff.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-02-09 Moritz Hardt , Benjamin Recht , Yoram Singer

We consider the minimization of an objective function given access to unbiased estimates of its gradient through stochastic gradient descent (SGD) with constant step-size. While the detailed analysis was only performed for quadratic…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-04-12 Aymeric Dieuleveut , Alain Durmus , Francis Bach

Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) is a ubiquitous algorithm for a variety of machine learning problems. Researchers and industry have developed several techniques to optimize SGD's runtime performance, including asynchronous execution and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-10-06 Christopher De Sa , Ce Zhang , Kunle Olukotun , Christopher Ré

Motivated by broad applications in reinforcement learning and machine learning, this paper considers the popular stochastic gradient descent (SGD) when the gradients of the underlying objective function are sampled from Markov processes.…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-04-02 Thinh T. Doan , Lam M. Nguyen , Nhan H. Pham , Justin Romberg

Stochastic gradient methods are the workhorse (algorithms) of large-scale optimization problems in machine learning, signal processing, and other computational sciences and engineering. This paper studies Markov chain gradient descent, a…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-09-13 Tao Sun , Yuejiao Sun , Wotao Yin

Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) or stochastic approximation has been widely used in model training and stochastic optimization. While there is a huge literature on analyzing its convergence, inference on the obtained solutions from SGD…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-04-01 Henry Lam , Zitong Wang

We analyze the dynamics of streaming stochastic gradient descent (SGD) in the high-dimensional limit when applied to generalized linear models and multi-index models (e.g. logistic regression, phase retrieval) with general data-covariance.…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-08-21 Elizabeth Collins-Woodfin , Courtney Paquette , Elliot Paquette , Inbar Seroussi

Optimal Transport has sparked vivid interest in recent years, in particular thanks to the Wasserstein distance, which provides a geometrically sensible and intuitive way of comparing probability measures. For computational reasons, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Eloi Tanguy

Online nonparametric estimators are gaining popularity due to their efficient computation and competitive generalization abilities. An important example includes variants of stochastic gradient descent. These algorithms often take one…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-07-08 Tianyu Zhang , Jing Lei

We study a distributed consensus-based stochastic gradient descent (SGD) algorithm and show that the rate of convergence involves the spectral properties of two matrices: the standard spectral gap of a weight matrix from the network…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2016-09-02 Avleen S. Bijral , Anand D. Sarwate , Nathan Srebro

The non-asymptotic analysis of Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) typically yields bounds that decompose into a bias term and a variance term. In this work, we focus on the bias component and study the extent to which SGD can match the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-02-02 Daniel Cortild , Lucas Ketels , Juan Peypouquet , Guillaume Garrigos

Low-rank matrix estimation is a canonical problem that finds numerous applications in signal processing, machine learning and imaging science. A popular approach in practice is to factorize the matrix into two compact low-rank factors, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-16 Tian Tong , Cong Ma , Yuejie Chi

Deep linear networks (DLNs) are used as an analytically tractable model of the training dynamics of deep neural networks. While gradient descent in DLNs is known to exhibit saddle-to-saddle dynamics, the impact of stochastic gradient…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Guillaume Corlouer , Avi Semler , Alexander Strang , Alexander Gietelink Oldenziel

This paper studies distributed nonconvex optimization problems with stochastic gradients for a multi-agent system, in which each agent aims to minimize the sum of all agents' cost functions by using local compressed information exchange. We…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-03-05 Antai Xie , Xinlei Yi , Xiaofan Wang , Ming Cao , Xiaoqiang Ren

In this paper, we provide a theoretical study of noise geometry for minibatch stochastic gradient descent (SGD), a phenomenon where noise aligns favorably with the geometry of local landscape. We propose two metrics, derived from analyzing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-02 Mingze Wang , Lei Wu