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Clinical practice frequently uses medical imaging for diagnosis and treatment. A significant challenge for automatic radiology report generation is that the radiology reports are long narratives consisting of multiple sentences for both…
Purpose: Interpreting chest radiographs (CXR) remains challenging due to the ambiguity of overlapping structures such as the lungs, heart, and bones. To address this issue, we propose a novel method for extracting fine-grained anatomical…
Automatic radiology report generation is a promising application of multimodal deep learning, aiming to reduce reporting workload and improve consistency. However, current state-of-the-art (SOTA) systems - such as Multimodal AI for…
Learning visual representations of medical images (e.g., X-rays) is core to medical image understanding but its progress has been held back by the scarcity of human annotations. Existing work commonly relies on fine-tuning weights…
Recent advances in training deep learning models have demonstrated the potential to provide accurate chest X-ray interpretation and increase access to radiology expertise. However, poor generalization due to data distribution shifts in…
Self-supervised learning provides an opportunity to explore unlabeled chest X-rays and their associated free-text reports accumulated in clinical routine without manual supervision. This paper proposes a Joint Image Text Representation…
The widely used ChestX-ray14 dataset addresses an important medical image classification problem and has the following caveats: 1) many lung pathologies are visually similar, 2) a variant of diseases including lung cancer, tuberculosis, and…
Vision-language models (VLMs) have recently shown remarkable zero-shot performance in medical image understanding, yet their grounding ability, the extent to which textual concepts align with visual evidence, remains underexplored. In the…
One of the largest problems in medical image processing is the lack of annotated data. Labeling medical images often requires highly trained experts and can be a time-consuming process. In this paper, we evaluate a method of reducing the…
Classifying chest radiographs is a time-consuming and challenging task, even for experienced radiologists. This provides an area for improvement due to the difficulty in precisely distinguishing between conditions such as pleural effusion,…
The recent trend of integrating multi-source Chest X-Ray datasets to improve automated diagnostics raises concerns that models learn to exploit source-specific correlations to improve performance by recognizing the source domain of an image…
Chest X-ray report generation aims to reduce radiologists' workload by automatically producing high-quality preliminary reports. A critical yet underexplored aspect of this task is the effective use of patient-specific prior knowledge --…
Recent advances in zero-shot learning have enabled the use of paired image-text data to replace structured labels, replacing the need for expert annotated datasets. Models such as CLIP-based CheXzero utilize these advancements in the domain…
Deep learning approaches have demonstrated remarkable progress in automatic Chest X-ray analysis. The data-driven feature of deep models requires training data to cover a large distribution. Therefore, it is substantial to integrate…
Purpose: To develop high throughput multi-label annotators for body (chest, abdomen, and pelvis) Computed Tomography (CT) reports that can be applied across a variety of abnormalities, organs, and disease states. Approach: We used a…
Chest radiograph (or Chest X-Ray, CXR) is a popular medical imaging modality that is used by radiologists across the world to diagnose heart or lung conditions. Over the last decade, Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), have seen success in…
The interpretation of medical images is a challenging task, often complicated by the presence of artifacts, occlusions, limited contrast and more. Most notable is the case of chest radiography, where there is a high inter-rater variability…
Radiologists face high burnout rates, partially due to the increasing volume of Chest X-rays (CXRs) requiring interpretation and reporting. Automated CXR report generation holds promise for reducing this burden and improving patient care.…
In chest X-ray (CXR) image analysis, rule-based systems are usually employed to extract labels from reports for dataset releases. However, there is still room for improvement in label quality. These labelers typically output only presence…
Many real-world image recognition problems, such as diagnostic medical imaging exams, are "long-tailed" $\unicode{x2013}$ there are a few common findings followed by many more relatively rare conditions. In chest radiography, diagnosis is…