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Sufficient exploration is paramount for the success of a reinforcement learning agent. Yet, exploration is rarely assessed in an algorithm-independent way. We compare the behavior of three data-based, offline exploration metrics described…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-30 Jakob J. Hollenstein , Sayantan Auddy , Matteo Saveriano , Erwan Renaudo , Justus Piater

By incorporating physical consistency as inductive bias, deep neural networks display increased generalization capabilities and data efficiency in learning nonlinear dynamic models. However, the complexity of these models generally…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-03 Katharina Friedl , Noémie Jaquier , Jens Lundell , Tamim Asfour , Danica Kragic

Improved state space models, such as Recurrent State Space Models (RSSMs), are a key factor behind recent advances in model-based reinforcement learning (RL). Yet, despite their empirical success, many of the underlying design choices are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-18 Philipp Becker , Gerhard Neumann

Model-based offline reinforcement learning (RL) is a compelling approach that addresses the challenge of learning from limited, static data by generating imaginary trajectories using learned models. However, these approaches often struggle…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-04 Kwanyoung Park , Youngwoon Lee

In this paper, a purely measurement-based method is proposed to estimate the dynamic system state matrix by applying the regression theorem of the multivariate Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process. The proposed method employs a recursive algorithm to…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-05-29 Hao Sheng , Xiaozhe Wang

This paper investigates how a Bayesian reinforcement learning method can be used to create a tactical decision-making agent for autonomous driving in an intersection scenario, where the agent can estimate the confidence of its recommended…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-11-04 Carl-Johan Hoel , Tommy Tram , Jonas Sjöberg

Reinforcement learning algorithms typically consider discrete-time dynamics, even though the underlying systems are often continuous in time. In this paper, we introduce a model-based reinforcement learning algorithm that represents…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-01 Lenart Treven , Jonas Hübotter , Bhavya Sukhija , Florian Dörfler , Andreas Krause

While offline reinforcement learning provides reliable policies for real-world deployment, its inherent pessimism severely restricts an agent's ability to explore and collect novel data online. Drawing inspiration from safe reinforcement…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Amirhossein Roknilamouki , Arnob Ghosh , Eylem Ekici , Ness B. Shroff

To further improve the learning efficiency and performance of reinforcement learning (RL), in this paper we propose a novel uncertainty-aware model-based RL (UA-MBRL) framework, and then implement and validate it in autonomous driving under…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-07-06 Jingda Wu , Zhiyu Huang , Chen Lv

Uncertainty estimation is a key component in any deployed machine learning system. One way to evaluate uncertainty estimation is using "out-of-distribution" (OoD) detection, that is, distinguishing between the training data distribution and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-03 Haiwen Huang , Joost van Amersfoort , Yarin Gal

Recent advancements in deep reinforcement learning (RL) have demonstrated notable progress in sample efficiency, spanning both model-based and model-free paradigms. Despite the identification and mitigation of specific bottlenecks in prior…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Yibo Wang , Jiang Zhao

Continuous-time stochastic processes underlie many natural and engineered systems. In healthcare, autonomous driving, and industrial control, direct interaction with the environment is often unsafe or impractical, motivating offline…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-11-14 Nicolas Hoischen , Petar Bevanda , Max Beier , Stefan Sosnowski , Boris Houska , Sandra Hirche

Probabilistic models often use neural networks to control their predictive uncertainty. However, when making out-of-distribution (OOD)} predictions, the often-uncontrollable extrapolation properties of neural networks yield poor uncertainty…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-19 Pierre Segonne , Yevgen Zainchkovskyy , Søren Hauberg

Autonomous driving models should ideally be evaluated by deploying them on a fleet of physical vehicles in the real world. Unfortunately, this approach is not practical for the vast majority of researchers. An attractive alternative is to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-09-14 Felipe Codevilla , Antonio M. López , Vladlen Koltun , Alexey Dosovitskiy

Evaluating and optimizing policies in the presence of unobserved confounders is a problem of growing interest in offline reinforcement learning. Using conventional methods for offline RL in the presence of confounding can not only lead to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-11-08 Chinmaya Kausik , Yangyi Lu , Kevin Tan , Maggie Makar , Yixin Wang , Ambuj Tewari

Neural Linear Models (NLM) are deep Bayesian models that produce predictive uncertainties by learning features from the data and then performing Bayesian linear regression over these features. Despite their popularity, few works have…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-12-17 Sujay Thakur , Cooper Lorsung , Yaniv Yacoby , Finale Doshi-Velez , Weiwei Pan

To provide rigorous uncertainty quantification for online learning models, we develop a framework for constructing uncertainty sets that provably control risk -- such as coverage of confidence intervals, false negative rate, or F1 score --…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-30 Shai Feldman , Liran Ringel , Stephen Bates , Yaniv Romano

Deep learning models frequently make incorrect predictions with high confidence when presented with test examples that are not well represented in their training dataset. We propose a novel and straightforward approach to estimate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-04 Tiago Ramalho , Miguel Miranda

Existing grasp prediction approaches are mostly based on offline learning, while, ignoring the exploratory grasp learning during online adaptation to new picking scenarios, i.e., objects that are unseen or out-of-domain (OOD), camera and…

The ability to achieve precise and smooth trajectory tracking is crucial for ensuring the successful execution of various tasks involving robotic manipulators. State-of-the-art techniques require accurate mathematical models of the robot…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Mohamed Abdelwahab , Giulio Giacomuzzo , Alberto Dalla Libera , Ruggero Carli