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Fast Weight Programmers (FWPs) encode temporal dependencies through dynamically updated parameters rather than recurrent hidden states. Quantum FWPs (QFWPs) extend this idea with variational quantum circuits (VQCs), but existing…

Transformer architectures have achieved remarkable success in various domains. While efficient alternatives to Softmax Attention have been widely studied, the search for more expressive mechanisms grounded in theoretical insight-even at…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Yifei Zuo , Yutong Yin , Zhichen Zeng , Ang Li , Banghua Zhu , Zhaoran Wang

Continuous neural representations have recently emerged as a powerful and flexible alternative to classical discretized representations of signals. However, training them to capture fine details in multi-scale signals is difficult and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-06 Sifan Wang , Hanwen Wang , Jacob H. Seidman , Paris Perdikaris

Transformers are ubiquitous models in the natural language processing (NLP) community and have shown impressive empirical successes in the past few years. However, little is understood about how they reason and the limits of their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-18 Michael Rizvi , Maude Lizaire , Clara Lacroce , Guillaume Rabusseau

Recently, the Transformer machine translation system has shown strong results by stacking attention layers on both the source and target-language sides. But the inference of this model is slow due to the heavy use of dot-product attention…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-27 Tong Xiao , Yinqiao Li , Jingbo Zhu , Zhengtao Yu , Tongran Liu

The transformer architecture is central to the success of modern Large Language Models (LLMs), in part due to its surprising ability to perform a wide range of tasks - including mathematical reasoning, memorization, and retrieval - using…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-05 Yihe Dong , Lorenzo Noci , Mikhail Khodak , Mufan Li

Transformer models have been widely adopted in various domains over the last years, and especially large language models have advanced the field of AI significantly. Due to their size, the capability of these networks has increased…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-10 Yelysei Bondarenko , Markus Nagel , Tijmen Blankevoort

The backpropagation networks are notably susceptible to catastrophic forgetting, where networks tend to forget previously learned skills upon learning new ones. To address such the 'sensitivity-stability' dilemma, most previous efforts have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-12 Danruo Deng , Guangyong Chen , Jianye Hao , Qiong Wang , Pheng-Ann Heng

The attention mechanism in Transformers is an important primitive for accurate and scalable sequence modeling. Its quadratic-compute and linear-memory complexity however remain significant bottlenecks. Linear attention and state-space…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Han Guo , Songlin Yang , Tarushii Goel , Eric P. Xing , Tri Dao , Yoon Kim

Compressed Neural Networks have the potential to enable deep learning across new applications and smaller computational environments. However, understanding the range of learning tasks in which such models can succeed is not well studied.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-10 Matt Gorbett , Hossein Shirazi , Indrakshi Ray

Neural attention has become central to many state-of-the-art models in natural language processing and related domains. Attention networks are an easy-to-train and effective method for softly simulating alignment; however, the approach does…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-11-09 Yuntian Deng , Yoon Kim , Justin Chiu , Demi Guo , Alexander M. Rush

Existing research largely attributes the global sequence modeling capability of Transformers to the explicit computation of attention weights, a process that inherently incurs quadratic computational complexity. In this work, we offer a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Ruize He , Dongchen Han , Gao Huang

Autoregressive Transformers are strong language models but incur O(T) complexity during per-token generation due to the self-attention mechanism. Recent work proposes kernel-based methods to approximate causal self-attention by replacing it…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-11 Huanru Henry Mao

Transformers are state-of-the-art models for a variety of sequence modeling tasks. At their core is an attention function which models pairwise interactions between the inputs at every timestep. While attention is powerful, it does not…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-03-23 Hao Peng , Nikolaos Pappas , Dani Yogatama , Roy Schwartz , Noah A. Smith , Lingpeng Kong

While linear-complexity attention mechanisms offer a promising alternative to Softmax attention for overcoming the quadratic bottleneck, training such models from scratch remains prohibitively expensive. Inheriting weights from pretrained…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Yining Li , Dongchen Han , Zeyu Liu , Hanyi Wang , Yulin Wang , Gao Huang

Large transformer models have achieved state-of-the-art results in numerous natural language processing tasks. Among the pivotal components of the transformer architecture, the attention mechanism plays a crucial role in capturing token…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Yichuan Deng , Zhao Song , Kaijun Yuan , Tianyi Zhou

In this paper we propose that a restricted version of logical inference can be implemented with self-attention networks. We are aiming at showing that LLMs (Large Language Models) constructed with transformer networks can make logical…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-16 Phan Thi Thanh Thuy , Akihiro Yamamoto

Neural Networks are function approximators that have achieved state-of-the-art accuracy in numerous machine learning tasks. In spite of their great success in terms of accuracy, their large training time makes it difficult to use them for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-04-18 Abhishek Sinha , Mausoom Sarkar , Aahitagni Mukherjee , Balaji Krishnamurthy

The transformer is the most popular neural architecture for language modeling. The cornerstone of the transformer is its global attention mechanism, which lets the model aggregate information from all preceding tokens before generating the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Jiaoda Li , Ryan Cotterell

Transformers have had tremendous impact for several sequence related tasks, largely due to their ability to retrieve from any part of the sequence via softmax based dot-product attention. This mechanism plays a crucial role in Transformer's…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Sai Surya Duvvuri , Inderjit S. Dhillon