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Multilingual transfer techniques often improve low-resource machine translation (MT). Many of these techniques are applied without considering data characteristics. We show in the context of Haitian-to-English translation that transfer…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-09-15 Nathaniel R. Robinson , Cameron J. Hogan , Nancy Fulda , David R. Mortensen

Multilingual language models are widely used to extend NLP systems to low-resource languages. However, concrete evidence for the effects of multilinguality on language modeling performance in individual languages remains scarce. Here, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-16 Tyler A. Chang , Catherine Arnett , Zhuowen Tu , Benjamin K. Bergen

In recent years, neural models learned through self-supervised pretraining on large scale multilingual text or speech data have exhibited promising results for underresourced languages, especially when a relatively large amount of data from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-01-19 Karol Nowakowski , Michal Ptaszynski , Kyoko Murasaki , Jagna Nieuważny

Our book "The Reality of Multi-Lingual Machine Translation" discusses the benefits and perils of using more than two languages in machine translation systems. While focused on the particular task of sequence-to-sequence processing and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-02-28 Tom Kocmi , Dominik Macháček , Ondřej Bojar

Current large language models (LLMs) often exhibit imbalances in multilingual capabilities and cultural adaptability, largely attributed to their English-centric pre-training data. In this paper, we introduce and investigate cross-lingual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Yangfan Ye , Xiaocheng Feng , Xiachong Feng , Libo Qin , Yichong Huang , Lei Huang , Weitao Ma , Qichen Hong , Zhirui Zhang , Yunfei Lu , Xiaohui Yan , Duyu Tang , Dandan Tu , Bing Qin

Probing techniques for large language models (LLMs) have primarily focused on English, overlooking the vast majority of the world's languages. In this paper, we extend these probing methods to a multilingual context, investigating the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-03 Daoyang Li , Haiyan Zhao , Qingcheng Zeng , Mengnan Du

One of the things that need to change when it comes to machine translation is the models' ability to translate code-switching content, especially with the rise of social media and user-generated content. In this paper, we are proposing a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-12 Mohamed Anwar

Cross-lingual vocabulary transfer plays a promising role in adapting pre-trained language models to new languages, including low-resource languages. Existing approaches that utilize monolingual or parallel corpora face challenges when…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Haruki Sakajo , Yusuke Ide , Justin Vasselli , Yusuke Sakai , Yingtao Tian , Hidetaka Kamigaito , Taro Watanabe

The successful adaptation of multilingual language models (LMs) to a specific language-task pair critically depends on the availability of data tailored for that condition. While cross-lingual transfer (XLT) methods have contributed to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-06 Seong Hoon Lim , Taejun Yun , Jinhyeon Kim , Jihun Choi , Taeuk Kim

Realignment is a promising strategy to improve cross-lingual transfer in multilingual language models. However, empirical results are mixed and often unreliable, particularly for typologically distant or low-resource languages (LRLs)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Quang Phuoc Nguyen , David Anugraha , Felix Gaschi , Jun Bin Cheng , En-Shiun Annie Lee

Subword modeling for zero-resource languages aims to learn low-level representations of speech audio without using transcriptions or other resources from the target language (such as text corpora or pronunciation dictionaries). A good…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-04-20 Enno Hermann , Herman Kamper , Sharon Goldwater

Transfer learning from a high-resource language pair `parent' has been proven to be an effective way to improve neural machine translation quality for low-resource language pairs `children.' However, previous approaches build a custom…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-09-23 Mozhdeh Gheini , Jonathan May

Researchers working on low-resource languages face persistent challenges due to limited data availability and restricted access to computational resources. Although most large language models (LLMs) are predominantly trained in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Odunayo Ogundepo , Akintunde Oladipo , Kelechi Ogueji , Esther Adenuga , David Ifeoluwa Adelani , Jimmy Lin

Multilingualism is incredibly common around the world, leading to many important theoretical and practical questions about how children learn multiple languages at once. For example, does multilingual acquisition lead to delays in learning?…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Linda Zeng , Steven Y. Feng , Michael C. Frank

Incorporating information from other languages can improve the results of tasks in low-resource languages. A powerful method of building functional natural language processing systems for low-resource languages is to combine multilingual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-19 Heydar Soudani , Mohammad Hassan Mojab , Hamid Beigy

Pre-trained language models have been shown to improve performance in many natural language tasks substantially. Although the early focus of such models was single language pre-training, recent advances have resulted in cross-lingual and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-22 Ozan Caglayan , Menekse Kuyu , Mustafa Sercan Amac , Pranava Madhyastha , Erkut Erdem , Aykut Erdem , Lucia Specia

Despite advances in dependency parsing, languages with small treebanks still present challenges. We assess recent approaches to multilingual contextual word representations (CWRs), and compare them for crosslingual transfer from a language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-09-20 Phoebe Mulcaire , Jungo Kasai , Noah A. Smith

The integration of language models for neural machine translation has been extensively studied in the past. It has been shown that an external language model, trained on additional target-side monolingual data, can help improve translation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-09 Christian Herold , Yingbo Gao , Mohammad Zeineldeen , Hermann Ney

The rise of digital misinformation has heightened interest in using multilingual Large Language Models (LLMs) for fact-checking. This study systematically evaluates translation bias and the effectiveness of LLMs for cross-lingual claim…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Aryan Singhal , Veronica Shao , Gary Sun , Ryan Ding , Jonathan Lu , Kevin Zhu

Part-of-speech (POS) tagging for Medieval Romance languages remains challenging due to orthographic variation, morphological complexity, and limited annotated resources. This paper presents a systematic empirical evaluation of large…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Matthias Schöffel , Esteban Garces Arias