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The Euclidean dimension a graph $G$ is defined to be the smallest integer $d$ such that the vertices of $G$ can be located in $\mathbb{R}^d$ in such a way that two vertices are unit distance apart if and only if they are adjacent in $G$. In…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2015-01-05 Jin Hyup Hong , Dan Ismailescu

The metric dimension, $\dim(G)$, and the fractional metric dimension, $\dim_f(G)$, of a graph $G$ have been studied extensively. Let $G$ be a graph with vertex set $V(G)$, and let $d(x,y)$ denote the length of a shortest $x-y$ path in $G$.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-08-06 Eunjeong Yi

For a family $\mathcal{C}$ of properly embedded curves in the 2-dimensional disk $\mathbb{D}^{2}$ satisfying certain uniqueness properties, we consider convex polygons $P\subset \mathbb{D}^{2}$ and define a metric $d$ on $P$ such that…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2023-11-13 Charalampos Charitos , Ioannis Papadoperakis , Georgios Tsapogas

The metric dimension of a general metric space was defined in 1953, applied to the set of vertices of a graph metric in 1975, and developed further for metric spaces in 2013. It was then generalised in 2015 to the k-metric dimension of a…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2016-03-15 A. F. Beardon , J. A. Rodriguez-Velazquez

For an ordered set $W=\{w_1,w_2,...,w_k\}$ of vertices and a vertex $v$ in a connected graph $G$, the ordered $k$-vector $r(v|W):=(d(v,w_1),d(v,w_2),.,d(v,w_k))$ is called the (metric) representation of $v$ with respect to $W$, where…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2011-03-21 Mohsen Jannesari , Behnaz Omoomi

A vertex $v\in V(G)$ is said to distinguish two vertices $x,y\in V(G)$ of a nontrivial connected graph $G$ if the distance from $v$ to $x$ is different from the distance from $v$ to $y$. A set $S\subset V(G)$ is a local metric generator for…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-05-25 Gabriel A. Barragan-Ramirez , Juan A. Rodriguez-Velazquez

A metric space $(X,d)$ is called a $subline$ if every 3-element subset $T$ of $X$ can be written as $T=\{x,y,z\}$ for some points $x,y,z$ such that $d(x,z)=d(x,y)+d(y,z)$. By a classical result of Menger, every subline of cardinality $\ne…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2023-05-16 Iryna Banakh , Taras Banakh , Maria Kolinko , Alex Ravsky

The metric dimension of a graph is the minimum size of a set of vertices such that each vertex is uniquely determined by the distances to the vertices of that set. Our aim is to upper-bound the order $n$ of a graph in terms of its diameter…

The metric dimension of a graph is the minimum number of landmark vertices required so that every vertex can be uniquely identified by its distances to the landmarks. This parameter captures the fundamental tradeoff between compact…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-12-05 Akbar Davoodi , Mohsen Jannesari

Erd\H{o}s, Harary, and Tutte defined the dimension of a graph $G$ as the smallest natural number $n$ such that $G$ can be embedded in $\mathbb{R}^n$ with each edge a straight line segment of length 1. Since the proposal of this definition,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-06-11 Thomas Giardina , Joel Foisy

We calculate the metric dimension of the total graph of a direct product of finite commutative antinegative semirings with their sets of zero-divisors closed under addition.

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2024-06-06 David Dolžan

For any metric $d$ on $\mathbb{R}^2$, an ($\mathbb{R}^2,d$)-geometric graph is a graph whose vertices are points in $\mathbb{R}^2$, and two vertices are adjacent if and only if their distance is at most 1. If $d=\|.\|_{\infty}$, the metric…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-10-26 Huda Chuangpishit , Jeannette Janssen

The inclusion ideal graph of a commutative unitary ring $R$ is the (undirected) graph $In(R)$ whose vertices all non-trivial ideals of $R$ and two distinct vertices are adjacent if and only if one of them is a proper subset of the other…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-06-10 E. Dodongeh , A. Moussavi , R. Nikandish

Given a metric space $(X, \rho)$, we say $y$ is between $x$ and $z$ if $\rho(x,z) = \rho(x,y) + \rho(y,z)$. A metric space gives rise to a 3-uniform hypergraph that has as hyperedges those triples $\{ x,y,z \}$ where $y$ is between $x$ and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-10-27 Vašek Chvátal , Guillermo A. Gamboa Quintero. , Ida Kantor

Median graphs form the class of graphs which is the most studied in metric graph theory. Recently, B\'en\'eteau et al. [2019] designed a linear-time algorithm computing both the $\Theta$-classes and the median set of median graphs. A…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-05-27 Pierre Bergé , Michel Habib

A set $W\subseteq V(G)$ is called a resolving set, if for each two distinct vertices $u,v\in V(G)$ there exists $w\in W$ such that $d(u,w)\neq d(v,w)$, where $d(x,y)$ is the distance between the vertices $x$ and $y$. The minimum cardinality…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2011-12-13 Behrooz Bagheri Gh. , Mohsen Jannesari , Behnaz Omoomi

The separation dimension of a hypergraph $G$ is the smallest natural number $d$ for which there is an embedding of $G$ into $\mathbb{R}^d$, such that any pair of disjoint edges is separated by some hyperplane normal to one of the axes. The…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-09-01 Raphael Yuster

For an ordered subset $W = \{w_1, w_2,\dots w_k\}$ of vertices and a vertex $u$ in a connected graph $G$, the representation of $u$ with respect to $W$ is the ordered $k$-tuple $ r(u|W)=(d(v,w_1), d(v,w_2),\dots,$ $d(v,w_k))$, where…

Zero forcing number has recently become an interesting graph parameter studied in its own right since its introduction by the "AIM Minimum Rank -- Special Graphs Work Group", whereas metric dimension is a well-known graph parameter. We…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-12-11 Linda Eroh , Cong X. Kang , Eunjeong Yi

A metric basis in a graph $G$ is a smallest possible set $S$ of vertices of $G$, with the property that any two vertices of $G$ are uniquely recognized by using a vector of distances to the vertices in $S$. A strong metric basis is a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-09-08 Anni Hakanen , Ville Junnila , Tero Laihonen , Ismael G. Yero