English
Related papers

Related papers: Mixed graphs with cut vertices having exactly two …

200 papers

A mixed graph can be seen as a type of digraph containing some edges (two opposite arcs). Here we introduce the concept of sequence mixed graphs, which is a generalization of both sequence graphs and iterated line digraphs. These structures…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-10-13 C. Dalfó , M. A. Fiol , N. López

This contribution gives an extensive study on spectra of mixed graphs via its Hermitian adjacency matrix of the second kind { ($N$-matrix for short)} introduced by Mohar \cite{0001}. This matrix is indexed by the vertices of the mixed…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-01-06 Shuchao Li , Yuantian Yu

A signed graph is one that features two types of edges: positive and negative. Balanced signed graphs are those in which all cycles contain an even number of positive edges. In the adjacency matrix of a signed graph, entries can be $0$,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-08-15 Cristian M. Conde , Ezequiel Dratman , Luciano N. Grippo

The eccentricity (anti-adjacency) matrix $\varepsilon(G)$ of a graph $G$ is obtained from the distance matrix by retaining the eccentricities in each row and each column. This matrix is first defined in 2018 by Wang et al. \cite{1}. In this…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-12-22 Sezer Sorgun , Hakan Küçük

A mixed graph is obtained from a graph by orienting some of its edges. The Hermitian adjacency matrix of a mixed graph with the vertex set $ \{v_{1}, \ldots , v_{n}\} $, is the matrix $ H=[h_{ij}]_{n \times n} $, where $ h_{ij}=-h_{ji}=i $…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-06-12 S. Akbari , A. Ghafari , M. Nahvi , M. A. Nematollahi

We study the spectra of mixed graphs about its Hermitian adjacency matrix of the second kind (i.e. N-matrix) introduced by Mohar [1]. We extend some results and define one new Hermitian adjacency matrix, and the entry corresponding to an…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-06-08 Tao She , Chunxiang Wang

Suppose that $\Gamma=(G, \sigma)$ is a connected signed graph with at least one cycle. The number of positive, negative and zero eigenvalues of the adjacency matrix of $\Gamma$ are called positive inertia index, negative inertia index and…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2025-05-14 Beiyan Liu , Fang Duan

The anti-adjacency matrix of a graph is constructed from the distance matrix of a graph by keeping each row and each column only the largest distances. This matrix can be interpreted as the opposite of the adjacency matrix, which is instead…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-10-28 Jianfeng Wang , Xingyu Lei , Mei Lu , Sezer Sorgun , Hakan Kucuk

Godsil (1985) defined a graph to be invertible if it has a non-singular adjacency matrix whose inverse is diagonally similar to a nonnegative integral matrix; the graph defined by the last matrix is then the inverse of the original graph.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-10-30 Sona Pavlikova , Daniel Sevcovic

The spectral properties of signed directed graphs, which may be naturally obtained by assigning a sign to each edge of a directed graph, have received substantially less attention than those of their undirected and/or unsigned counterparts.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-10-12 Pepijn Wissing , Edwin R. van Dam

The index of a signed graph is the largest eigenvalue of its adjacency matrix. For positive integers $n$ and $m\le n^2/4$, we determine the maximal index of complete signed graphs with $n$ vertices and $m$ negative edges. This settles (the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-05-04 Ebrahim Ghorbani , Arezoo Majidi

In the theory of line graphs of undirected graphs there exists an important theorem linking the incidence matrix of the root graph to the adjacency matrix of its line graph. For directed or mixed graphs, however, the exists no analogous…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-05-12 Mohammad Abudayah , Omar Alomari , Torsten Sander

We study oriented graphs whose Hermitian adjacency matrices of the second kind have few eigenvalues. We give a complete characterization of the oriented graphs with two distinct eigenvalues, showing that there are only four such graphs. We…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-12-08 Saieed Akbari , Jonathan Aloni , Maxwell Levit , Bojan Mohar , Steven Xia

A mixed multigraph is obtained from an undirected multigraph by orienting a subset of its edges. In this paper, we study a new Hermitian matrix representation of mixed multigraphs, give an introduction to cospectral operations on mixed…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-06-28 Bo-Jun Yuan , Shaowei Sun , Dijian Wang

In a graph, we assign distinct integers to the vertices, and take the sum of two integers if they are on two adjacent vertices. The minimum possible number of different sums is the \emph{sum index} of this graph. In this paper, we present…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-07-29 Dheer Noal Desai , Runze Wang

An eigenvalue of the adjacency matrix of a graph is said to be \emph{main} if the all-1 vector is not orthogonal to the associated eigenspace. In this work, we approach the main eigenvalues of some graphs. The graphs with exactly two main…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-02-17 Nair Abreu , Domingos M. Cardoso , Francisca A. M. França , Cybele T. M. Vinagre

Let $G$ be a graph and $A$ be its adjacency matrix. A graph $G$ is invertible if its adjacency matrix $A$ is invertible and the inverse of $G$ is a weighted graph with adjacency matrix $A^{-1}$. A signed graph $(G,\sigma)$ is a weighted…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-03-23 Isaiah Osborne , Dong Ye

An oriented graph is said positively multiplicative when its adjacency matrix $A$ embeds in a matrix algebra admitting a basis $\mathsf{B}$ with nonnegative structure constants in which the matrix of the multiplication by $A$ coincides with…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-02-25 Jérémie Guilhot , Cédric Lecouvey , Pierre Tarrago

We investigate properties of signed graphs that have few distinct eigenvalues together with a symmetric spectrum. Our main contribution is to determine all signed $(0,2)$-graphs with vertex degree at most $6$ that have precisely two…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-07-27 Gary R. W. Greaves , Zoran Stanić

If all the eigenvalues of the Hermitian-adjacency matrix of a mixed graph are integers, then the mixed graph is called \emph{H-integral}. If all the eigenvalues of the (0,1)-adjacency matrix of a mixed graph are \emph{Gaussian integers},…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-02-17 Monu Kadyan , Bikash Bhattacharjya