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In order to attain the requisite sensitivity for LISA - a joint space mission of the ESA and NASA- the laser frequency noise must be suppressed below the secondary noises such as the optical path noise, acceleration noise etc. By combining…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-11-20 S. V. Dhurandhar , K. Rajesh Nayak , J-Y. Vinet

LISA is a joint space mission of the ESA and NASA for detecting low frequency gravitational radiation in the band $10^{-5} - 1$ Hz. In order to attain the requisite sensitivity for LISA, the laser frequency noise must be suppressed below…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-05-13 S. V. Dhurandhar

Spaceborne gravitational-wave observatories utilize a postprocessing technique known as time-delay interferometry (TDI) to reduce the otherwise overwhelming laser frequency noise by around 8 orders of magnitude. While, in its traditional…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-06-11 Kohei Yamamoto , Jan Niklas Reinhardt , Olaf Hartwig

In this work, we have built an experimental setup to simulate the clock noise transmission with two spacecrafts and two optical links, and further demonstrated the extraction of picometer level signal drowned by the large laser frequency…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2023-10-31 Mingyang Xu , Yujie Tan , Yurong Liang , Jiawen Zhi , Xiaoyang Guo , Dan Luo , Panpan Wang , Hanzhong Wu , Chenggang Shao

Time-delay interferometry (TDI) suppresses laser frequency noise by forming linear combinations of time-shifted interferometric measurements. The time-shift operation is implemented by interpolating discretely sampled data. To enable…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-06-16 Martin Staab , Jean-Baptiste Bayle , Olaf Hartwig , Aurélien Hees , Marc Lilley , Graham Woan , Peter Wolf

The Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) is a European Space Agency mission that aims to measure gravitational waves in the millihertz range. Laser frequency noise enters the interferometric measurements and dominates the expected…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2020-05-22 Jean-Baptiste Bayle , Marc Lilley , Antoine Petiteau , Hubert Halloin

TianQin is a future space-based gravitational wave observatory targeting the frequency window of $10^{-4}$ Hz $\sim 1$ Hz. A large variety of gravitational wave sources are expected in this frequency band, including the merger of massive…

Time-delay interferometry (TDI) is essential for suppressing laser frequency noise in space-based gravitational wave (GW) observatories such as LISA. However, current second-generation TDI schemes often exhibit undesirable null frequencies…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-01-19 Gang Wang

TianQin is a planned space-based gravitational wave (GW) observatory consisting of three earth orbiting satellites with an orbital radius of about $10^5~{\rm km}$. The satellites will form a equilateral triangle constellation the plane of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-08-25 Jianwei Mei , Yan-Zheng Bai , Jiahui Bao , Enrico Barausse , Lin Cai , Enrico Canuto , Bin Cao , Wei-Ming Chen , Yu Chen , Yan-Wei Ding , Hui-Zong Duan , Huimin Fan , Wen-Fan Feng , Honglin Fu , Qing Gao , TianQuan Gao , Yungui Gong , Xingyu Gou , Chao-Zheng Gu , De-Feng Gu , Zi-Qi He , Martin Hendry , Wei Hong , Xin-Chun Hu , Yi-Ming Hu , Yuexin Hu , Shun-Jia Huang , Xiang-Qing Huang , Qinghua Jiang , Yuan-Ze Jiang , Yun Jiang , Zhen Jiang , Hong-Ming Jin , Valeriya Korol , Hong-Yin Li , Ming Li , Ming Li , Pengcheng Li , Rongwang Li , Yuqiang Li , Zhu Li , Zhulian Li , Zhu-Xi Li , Yu-Rong Liang , Zheng-Cheng Liang , Fang-Jie Liao , Shuai Liu , Yan-Chong Liu , Li Liu , Pei-Bo Liu , Xuhui Liu , Yuan Liu , Xiong-Fei Lu , Yang Lu , Ze-Huang Lu , Yan Luo , Zhi-Cai Luo , Vadim Milyukov , Min Ming , Xiaoyu Pi , Chenggang Qin , Shao-Bo Qu , Alberto Sesana , Chenggang Shao , Changfu Shi , Wei Su , Ding-Yin Tan , Yujie Tan , Zhuangbin Tan , Liang-Cheng Tu , Bin Wang , Cheng-Rui Wang , Fengbin Wang , Guan-Fang Wang , Haitian Wang , Jian Wang , Lijiao Wang , Panpan Wang , Xudong Wang , Yan Wang , Yi-Fan Wang , Ran Wei , Shu-Chao Wu , Chun-Yu Xiao , Xiao-Shi Xu , Chao Xue , Fang-Chao Yang , Liang Yang , Ming-Lin Yang , Shan-Qing Yang , Bobing Ye , Hsien-Chi Yeh , Shenghua Yu , Dongsheng Zhai , Caishi Zhang , Haitao Zhang , Jian-dong Zhang , Jie Zhang , Lihua Zhang , Xin Zhang , Xuefeng Zhang , Hao Zhou , Ming-Yue Zhou , Ze-Bing Zhou , Dong-Dong Zhu , Tie-Guang Zi , Jun Luo

Raw space-based gravitational-wave data like LISA's phase measurements are dominated by laser frequency noise. The standard technique to make this data usable for science is time-delay interferometry (TDI), which cancels laser noise terms…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-04-12 Quentin Baghi , John G. Baker , Jacob Slutsky , James Ira Thorpe

In the context of the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA), the laser subsystems exhibit frequency fluctuations that introduce significant levels of noise into the measurements, surpassing the gravitational wave signal by several…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2024-01-15 Philipp Euringer , Niklas Houba , Gerald Hechenblaikner , Oliver Mandel , Francis Soualle , Walter Fichter

In an effort to eliminate laser phase noise in laser interferometer spaceborne gravitational wave detectors, several combinations of signals have been found that allow the laser noise to be canceled out while gravitational wave signals…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-11-19 Neil J. Cornish , Ronald W. Hellings

We analyze the trajectories of three geostationary satellites forming the GEOstationary GRAvitational Wave Interferometer (GEOGRAWI)~\cite{tinto}, a space-based laser interferometer mission aiming to detect and study gravitational radiation…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-09-23 Massimo Tinto , Jose C. N. de Araujo , Helio K. Kuga , Marcio E. S. Alves , Odylio D. Aguiar

TianQin is a proposed space-based mission for gravitational wave detection, employing a constellation of three drag-free satellites in high Earth orbits to form a laser interferometric observatory. A critical technical challenge is…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-10-21 Yuzhou Fang , Dexuan Zhang , Dezhi Wang , Xuefeng Zhang , Huizong Duan , Hongyin Li , Junxiang Lian , Guoying Zhao

Time-Delay Interferometry (TDI) is the data processing technique that cancels the large laser phase fluctuations affecting the one-way Doppler measurements made by unequal-arm space-based gravitational wave interferometers. By taking finite…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-08-25 Massimo Tinto , Sanjeev Dhurandhar , Prasanna Joshi

Time delay interferometry (TDI) is essential for suppressing laser frequency noise and achieving the targeted sensitivity for space-borne gravitational wave (GW) missions. In Paper I, we examined the performance of the fiducial…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-10-01 Gang Wang

ASTROD-GW (ASTROD [Astrodynamical Space Test of Relativity using Optical Devices] optimized for Gravitation Wave detection) is an optimization of ASTROD to focus on the goal of detection of gravitation waves. The detection sensitivity is…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-04-02 G. Wang , W. -T. Ni

Time-Delay Interferometry (TDI) is the data processing technique that cancels the large laser phase fluctuations affecting the one-way Doppler measurements made by unequal-arm space-based gravitational wave interferometers. By taking finite…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-05-11 Sanjeev Dhurandhar , Prasanna Joshi , Massimo Tinto

Time-delay interferometry (TDI) is a processing step essential for the scientific exploitation of LISA, as it reduces the otherwise overwhelming laser noise in the interferometric measurements. The fundamental idea is to define new…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-06-09 Jean-Baptiste Bayle , Michele Vallisneri , Stanislav Babak , Antoine Petiteau

LISA will detect gravitational waves (GWs) in the milli-Hz frequency band in space. Time-delay interferometry (TDI) is developed to suppress laser frequency noise beneath the acceleration noise and optical metrology noise. To identify…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-08-30 Gang Wang , Bin Li , Peng Xu , Xilong Fan