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Latent space models are effective tools for statistical modeling and exploration of network data. These models can effectively model real world network characteristics such as degree heterogeneity, transitivity, homophily, etc. Due to their…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-08-21 Zhuang Ma , Zongming Ma

Recurrent neural networks are powerful models for processing sequential data, but they are generally plagued by vanishing and exploding gradient problems. Unitary recurrent neural networks (uRNNs), which use unitary recurrence matrices,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-11-02 Scott Wisdom , Thomas Powers , John R. Hershey , Jonathan Le Roux , Les Atlas

While backpropagation--reverse-mode automatic differentiation--has been extraordinarily successful in deep learning, it requires two passes (forward and backward) through the neural network and the storage of intermediate activations.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-06 Daniel Wang , Evan Markou , Dylan Campbell

Two aspects of neural networks that have been extensively studied in the recent literature are their function approximation properties and their training by gradient descent methods. The approximation problem seeks accurate approximations…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-20 R. Gentile , G. Welper

Continuous neural representations have recently emerged as a powerful and flexible alternative to classical discretized representations of signals. However, training them to capture fine details in multi-scale signals is difficult and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-06 Sifan Wang , Hanwen Wang , Jacob H. Seidman , Paris Perdikaris

We present a global algorithm for training multilayer neural networks in this Letter. The algorithm is focused on controlling the local fields of neurons induced by the input of samples by random adaptations of the synaptic weights. Unlike…

Biological Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Hong Zhao , Tao Jin

Neural networks are a convenient way to automatically fit functions that are too complex to be described by hand. The downside of this approach is that it leads to build a black-box without understanding what happened inside. Finding the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-29 Théo Nancy , Vassili Maillet , Johann Barbier

Training deep neural networks on large-scale datasets requires significant hardware resources whose costs (even on cloud platforms) put them out of reach of smaller organizations, groups, and individuals. Backpropagation, the workhorse for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-22 Alexander Ororbia , Ankur Mali , Daniel Kifer , C. Lee Giles

Adaptive Precision Training: Quantify Back Propagation in Neural Networks with Fixed-point Numbers. Recent emerged quantization technique has been applied to inference of deep neural networks for fast and efficient execution. However,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-06 Xishan Zhang , Shaoli Liu , Rui Zhang , Chang Liu , Di Huang , Shiyi Zhou , Jiaming Guo , Yu Kang , Qi Guo , Zidong Du , Yunji Chen

The huge size of deep networks hinders their use in small computing devices. In this paper, we consider compressing the network by weight quantization. We extend a recently proposed loss-aware weight binarization scheme to ternarization,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-05-11 Lu Hou , James T. Kwok

We introduce a method to train Quantized Neural Networks (QNNs) --- neural networks with extremely low precision (e.g., 1-bit) weights and activations, at run-time. At train-time the quantized weights and activations are used for computing…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2016-09-23 Itay Hubara , Matthieu Courbariaux , Daniel Soudry , Ran El-Yaniv , Yoshua Bengio

1-bit LLM quantization offers significant advantages in reducing storage and computational costs. However, existing methods typically train 1-bit LLMs from scratch, failing to fully leverage pre-trained models. This results in high training…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Zhijun Tu , Jian Li , Yuanyuan Xi , Siqi Liu , Chuanjian Liu , Hanting Chen , Jie Hu , Yunhe Wang

Iterative approximation methods using backpropagation enable the optimization of neural networks, but they remain computationally expensive, especially when used at scale. This paper presents an efficient alternative for optimizing neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Jake Ryland Williams , Haoran Zhao

Training of neural networks amounts to nonconvex optimization problems that are typically solved by using backpropagation and (variants of) stochastic gradient descent. In this work we propose an alternative approach by viewing the training…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-04-14 Brecht Evens , Puya Latafat , Andreas Themelis , Johan Suykens , Panagiotis Patrinos

The brain processes information through many layers of neurons. This deep architecture is representationally powerful, but it complicates learning by making it hard to identify the responsible neurons when a mistake is made. In machine…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2014-11-04 Timothy P. Lillicrap , Daniel Cownden , Douglas B. Tweed , Colin J. Akerman

Residual Network (ResNet) is the state-of-the-art architecture that realizes successful training of really deep neural network. It is also known that good weight initialization of neural network avoids problem of vanishing/exploding…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-10-16 Masato Taki

Neural Ordinary Differential Equations (ODEs) are elegant reinterpretations of deep networks where continuous time can replace the discrete notion of depth, ODE solvers perform forward propagation, and the adjoint method enables efficient,…

Existing Bayesian treatments of neural networks are typically characterized by weak prior and approximate posterior distributions according to which all the weights are drawn independently. Here, we consider a richer prior distribution in…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-10-02 Theofanis Karaletsos , Peter Dayan , Zoubin Ghahramani

The history of deep learning has shown that human-designed problem-specific networks can greatly improve the classification performance of general neural models. In most practical cases, however, choosing the optimal architecture for a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-14 Nicolo Colombo , Yang Gao

Back-propagation (BP) is widely used learning algorithm for neural network optimization. However, BP requires enormous computation cost and is too slow to train in central processing unit (CPU). Therefore current neural network optimizaiton…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-22 Ryoungwoo Jang