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Building software systems often requires knowledge and skills beyond what developers already possess. In such cases, developers have to leverage different sources of information to seek help. A growing number of researchers and…

Interfaces are recognized as an important mechanism to define contracts governing interactions between semi-independent software modules. Well-designed interfaces significantly reduce software complexity and ease maintainability by…

Using open-source dependencies is essential in modern software development. However, this practice implies significant trust in third-party code, while there is little support for developers to assess this trust. As a consequence, attacks…

This paper presents a forward-looking vision for artificial intelligence-driven software architecture that addresses longstanding challenges in design and evolution. Although artificial intelligence has achieved notable success in software…

Software engineering and information systems practices seek ultimately to create the flawless product. One of the tools used to improve the quality of software development is the use of metrics. In this paper, metrics retrieved from open…

Software architecture has been an active research field for nearly four decades, in which previous studies make significant progress such as creating methods and techniques and building tools to support software architecture practice.…

Nowadays, modern applications are developed using components written in different programming languages. These systems introduce several advantages. However, as the number of languages increases, so does the challenges related to the…

At our behest or otherwise, while our software is being executed, a huge variety of design assumptions is continuously matched with the truth of the current condition. While standards and tools exist to express and verify some of these…

The architecture of a system captures important design decisions for the system. Over time, changes in a system's implementation may lead to violations of specific design decisions. This problem is common in industry and known as…

Code smells indicate software design problems that harm software quality. Data-intensive systems that frequently access databases often suffer from SQL code smells besides the traditional smells. While there have been extensive studies on…

It is well known that the software process in place impacts the quality of the resulting product. However, the specific way in which this effect occurs is still mostly unknown and reported through anecdotes. To gather a better understanding…

A smell in software source code denotes an indication of suboptimal design and implementation decisions, potentially hindering the code understanding and, in turn, raising the likelihood of being prone to changes and faults. Identifying…

Agile teams juggle multiple tasks so professionals are often assigned to multiple projects, especially in service organizations that monitor and maintain a large suite of software for a large user base. If we could predict changes in…

Dependencies between modules can trigger ripple effects when changes are made, making maintenance complex and costly, so minimizing these dependencies is crucial. Consequently, understanding what drives dependencies is important. One…

Requirements volatility is a major issue in software (SW) development, causing problems such as project delays and cost overruns. Even though there is a considerable amount of research related to requirement volatility, the majority of it…

Open source projects are adopting faster release cycles that reflect various changes. Therefore, comprehending the effects of these changes on software's architecture over the releases becomes necessary. However, it is challenging to keep…

The main problems of Software Engineering appear as a result of incompatibilities. For example, the quality of organization of the production process depends on correspondence with existent resources and on a common understanding of project…

Fault-proneness is an indication of programming errors that decreases software quality and maintainability. On the contrary, code smell is a symptom of potential design problems which has impact on fault-proneness. In the literature,…

Context. Software reusability mechanisms, like inheritance and delegation in Object-Oriented programming, are widely recognized as key instruments of software design. These are used to reduce the risks of source code being affected by…

Usability issues can hinder the effective use of software. Therefore, various techniques are deployed to diagnose and mitigate them. However, these techniques are costly and time-consuming, particularly in iterative design and development.…