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Modularity is a compelling solution to continual learning (CL), the problem of modeling sequences of related tasks. Learning and then composing modules to solve different tasks provides an abstraction to address the principal challenges of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-16 Oleksiy Ostapenko , Pau Rodriguez , Massimo Caccia , Laurent Charlin

Transformers encode structure in sequences via an expanding contextual history. However, their purely feedforward architecture fundamentally limits dynamic state tracking. State tracking -- the iterative updating of latent variables…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Michael C. Mozer , Shoaib Ahmed Siddiqui , Rosanne Liu

It is common practice to compare the computational power of different models of computation. For example, the recursive functions are strictly more powerful than the primitive recursive functions, because the latter are a proper subset of…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2020-06-11 Udi Boker , Nachum Dershowitz

We introduce the concept of the self-referencing causal cycle (abbreviated RECALL) - a mechanism that enables large language models (LLMs) to bypass the limitations of unidirectional causality, which underlies a phenomenon known as the…

Recursive processing is considered a hallmark of human linguistic abilities. A recent study evaluated recursive processing in recurrent neural language models (RNN-LMs) and showed that such models perform below chance level on embedded…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-10-15 Yair Lakretz , Théo Desbordes , Dieuwke Hupkes , Stanislas Dehaene

Destination-passing style programming introduces destinations, which represent the address of a write-once memory cell. These destinations can be passed as function parameters, allowing the caller to control memory management: the callee…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Thomas Bagrel

Object-oriented programming languages such as Java and Objective C have become popular for implementing agent-based and other object-based simulations since objects in those languages can {\em reflect} (i.e. make runtime queries of an…

Mathematical Software · Computer Science 2008-10-22 Russell K. Standish , Duraid Madina

We study learned memory tokens as a computational scratchpad for a single-block Universal Transformer with Adaptive Computation Time (ACT) on Sudoku-Extreme, a combinatorial reasoning benchmark. Memory tokens are empirically necessary: no…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Grigory Sapunov

We present TTC, an open-source parallel compiler for multidimensional tensor transpositions. In order to generate high-performance C++ code, TTC explores a number of optimizations, including software prefetching, blocking, loop-reordering,…

Mathematical Software · Computer Science 2016-03-09 Paul Springer , Jeff R. Hammond , Paolo Bientinesi

In the last decades, great achievements have been made in the development of computing machines. However, due to exponential growth of transistor density and in particular due to tremendously increasing power consumption, researchers expect…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2014-07-03 Piyush Gautam

In recent years, various computing-in-memory (CIM) processors have been presented, showing superior performance over traditional architectures. To unleash the potential of various CIM architectures, such as device precision, crossbar size,…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-05-09 Songyun Qu , Shixin Zhao , Bing Li , Yintao He , Xuyi Cai , Lei Zhang , Ying Wang

Linear type systems have a long and storied history, but not a clear path forward to integrate with existing languages such as OCaml or Haskell. In this paper, we study a linear type system designed with two crucial properties in mind:…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2017-11-09 Jean-Philippe Bernardy , Mathieu Boespflug , Ryan R. Newton , Simon Peyton Jones , Arnaud Spiwack

Large reasoning models (LRMs), such as OpenAI's o1 and DeepSeek-R1, harness test-time scaling to perform multi-step reasoning for complex problem-solving. This reasoning process, executed before producing final answers, is often guided by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Chongyu Fan , Yihua Zhang , Jinghan Jia , Alfred Hero , Sijia Liu

Is it always necessary to compute tokens from shallow to deep layers in Transformers? The continued success of vanilla Transformers and their variants suggests an undoubted "yes". In this work, however, we attempt to break the depth-ordered…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-10 Zhuocheng Gong , Ang Lv , Jian Guan , Junxi Yan , Wei Wu , Huishuai Zhang , Minlie Huang , Dongyan Zhao , Rui Yan

Modern LLMs are increasingly deep, and depth correlates with performance, albeit with diminishing returns. However, do these models use their depth efficiently? Do they compose more features to create higher-order computations that are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Róbert Csordás , Christopher D. Manning , Christopher Potts

Computing has a huge memory problem. The memory system, consisting of multiple technologies at different levels, is responsible for most of the energy consumption, performance bottlenecks, robustness problems, monetary cost, and hardware…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-09-05 Onur Mutlu , Ataberk Olgun , Ismail Emir Yuksel

The dynamic expansion architecture is becoming popular in class incremental learning, mainly due to its advantages in alleviating catastrophic forgetting. However, task confusion is not well assessed within this framework, e.g., the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-01-04 Bingchen Huang , Zhineng Chen , Peng Zhou , Jiayin Chen , Zuxuan Wu

Reuse has been proposed as a microarchitecture-level mechanism to reduce the amount of executed instructions, collapsing dependencies and freeing resources for other instructions. Previous works have used reuse domains such as memory…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2017-11-20 Andrey M. Coppieters , Sheila de Oliveira , Felipe M. G. França , Maurício L. Pilla , Amarildo T. da Costa

OpenMP is the de facto API for parallel programming in HPC applications. These programs are often computed in data centers, where energy consumption is a major issue. Whereas previous work has focused almost entirely on performance, we here…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-09-12 Henrik Valter , Axel Karlsson , Miquel Pericàs

According to some standards for satellite communications, the transmitted stream is divided into transmission units with variable length, for which detecting the termination is particularly relevant. This is the case of space TeleCommands…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Massimo Battaglioni , Kenneth Andrews , Rebecca Giuliani , Fabrizio Marinelli , Franco Chiaraluce , Marco Baldi