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Different proposals for the wave function of the universe are analyzed, with an emphasis on various forms of the tunneling proposal. The issues discussed include the equivalence of the Lorentzian path integral and outgoing-wave proposals,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-04-06 Alexander Vilenkin

The Feynman path integral has revolutionized modern approaches to quantum physics. Although the path integral formalism has proven very successful and spawned several approximation schemes, the direct evaluation of real-time path integrals…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-28 Job Feldbrugge , Joshua Y. L. Jones

Quantum cosmology aims at elucidating the beginning of our Universe. Back in early 80's, Vilenkin and Hartle-Hawking put forward the "tunneling from nothing" and "no boundary" proposals. Recently there has been renewed interest in this…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-04-08 Chien-Yu Chou , Jun Nishimura

The Hawking-Moss (HM) bounce solution implies that the tunneling amplitude between vacua is uniquely determined by the vacuum energy at the initial vacuum and the top of a potential barrier, regardless of the field distance between them…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-03-03 Daiki Saito , Naritaka Oshita

We demonstrate that the positive frequency modes for a complex scalar field in a constant electric field (Schwinger modes), in three different gauges, can be represented as exact Lorentzian worldline path integral amplitudes. Although the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2021-11-23 Karthik Rajeev

The WKB approximation is a standard tool for studying tunnelling problems in quantum cosmology. We compare this method to the Supersymmetric WKB (SWKB) applied to a closed FRW minisuperspace model. We consider the transition from a dust…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-01-12 Duarte Guimarães , João Marto , Paulo Vargas Moniz

The WKB approximation plays an essential role in the development of quantum mechanics and various important results have been obtained from it. In this paper, we introduce another method, {\it the so-called uniform asymptotic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-07-01 Bao-Fei Li , Tao Zhu , Anzhong Wang

We present a formalism based on the functional Schr\"odinger equation to analyse time-dependent tunneling in quantum field theory at the semi-classical level. The full problem is reduced step by step to a finite dimensional quantum…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2019-11-27 Luc Darmé , Joerg Jaeckel , Marek Lewicki

We construct an explicit one-to-one correspondence between non-relativistic stochastic processes and solutions of the Schrodinger equation and between relativistic stochastic processes and solutions of the Klein-Gordon equation. The…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-06-21 Folkert Kuipers

We present a theory of tunnelling geometries originating from the no-boundary quantum state of Hartle and Hawking. We reformulate the no-boundary wavefunction in the representation of true physical variables and calculate it in the one-loop…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-07-19 A. O. Barvinsky , A. Yu. Kamenshchik

We show that the semi-classical analysis of generic Euclidean path integrals necessarily requires complexification of the action and measure, and consideration of complex saddle solutions. We demonstrate that complex saddle points have a…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2017-06-02 Alireza Behtash , Gerald V. Dunne , Thomas Schaefer , Tin Sulejmanpasic , Mithat Unsal

In this paper we study some aspects of classical and quantum cosmology in the novel-Gauss-Bonnet (nGB) gravity in four space-time dimensions. Starting with a generalised Friedmann-Lema\^itre-Robertson Walker (FLRW) metric respecting…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-06-04 Gaurav Narain , Hai-Qing Zhang

We re-use some original ideas of de~Broglie, Schr\"odiger, Dirac and Feynman to revise the ensemble interpretation of wave function in quantum mechanics. To this end we introduce coherence (auto-concordance) of ensembles of quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-25 Vladimir V. Kisil

We discuss new possible tunneling processes in the presence of gravity. We formulate quantum tunneling using the Wheeler-deWitt canonical quantization and the WKB approximation. The distinctive feature of our formulation is that it…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2023-02-07 Naritaka Oshita , Yutaro Shoji , Masahide Yamaguchi

We present the calculation of the Feynman path integral in real time for tunneling in quantum mechanics and field theory, including the first quantum corrections. For this purpose, we use the well-known fact that Euclidean saddle points in…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2019-12-17 Wen-Yuan Ai , Bjorn Garbrecht , Carlos Tamarit

In this work, we first solve complex Morse flow equations for the simplest case of a bosonic harmonic oscillator to discuss localization in the context of Picard-Lefschetz theory. We briefly touch on the exact non-BPS solutions of the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2018-03-12 Alireza Behtash

We present a semiclassical analysis of the quantum propagator of a particle confined on one side by a steeply, monotonically rising potential. The models studied in detail have potentials proportional to $x^{\alpha}$ for $x>0$; the limit…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2013-06-05 F. D. Mera , S. A. Fulling , J. D. Bouas , K. Thapa

This paper provides a pedagogical introduction to the quantum mechanical path integral and its use in proving index theorems in geometry, specifically the Gauss-Bonnet-Chern theorem and Lefschetz fixed point theorem. It also touches on some…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2015-09-11 Mark van Loon

We study complex saddles of the Lorentzian path integral for 4D axion gravity and its dual description in terms of a 3-form flux, which include the Giddings-Strominger Euclidean wormhole. Transition amplitudes are computed using the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2022-08-24 Gregory J. Loges , Gary Shiu , Nidhi Sudhir

I review the generating function for quantum-statistical mechanics, known as the Feynman-Vernon influence functional, the decoherence functional, or the Schwinger-Keldysh path integral. I describe a probability-conserving $i\varepsilon$…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2021-02-10 Yoni BenTov