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For a simple graph $G$, let $n$ and $m$ denote the number of vertices and edges in $G$, respectively. The Erd\H{o}s-Gallai theorem for paths states that in a simple $P_k$-free graph, $m \leq \frac{n(k-1)}{2}$, where $P_k$ denotes a path…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-05-08 Rajat Adak , L. Sunil Chandran

In 1959, Erd\H{o}s and Gallai established two classic theorems, which determine the maximum number of edges in an $n$-vertex graph with no cycles of length at least $k$, and in an $n$-vertex graph with no paths on $k$ vertices,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-10-07 Yuntian Wang , Lizhu Sun , Changjiang Bu

Analytical results are derived for the bond percolation threshold and the size of the giant connected component in a class of random networks with non-zero clustering. The network's degree distribution and clustering spectrum may be…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-09-22 James P. Gleeson

Modeling how networks change under structural perturbations can yield foundational insights into network robustness, which is critical in many real-world applications. The largest connected component is a popular measure of network…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-09-30 Jessica Jiang , Allison C. Zhuang , Petter Holme , Peter J. Mucha , Alice C. Schwarze

In this paper, we study the critical behavior of percolation on a configuration model with degree distribution satisfying an infinite second-moment condition, which includes power-law degrees with exponent $\tau \in (2,3)$. It is well known…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-07-01 Souvik Dhara , Remco van der Hofstad , Johan S. H. van Leeuwaarden

Global physical properties of random media change qualitatively at a percolation threshold, where isolated clusters merge to form one infinite connected component. The precise knowledge of percolation thresholds is thus of paramount…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2008-01-13 Richard A. Neher , Klaus Mecke , Herbert Wagner

We show that for all $d\in \{3,\ldots,n-1\}$ the size of the largest component of a random $d$-regular graph on $n$ vertices around the percolation threshold $p=1/(d-1)$ is $\Theta(n^{2/3})$, with high probability. This extends known…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-01-18 Felix Joos , Guillem Perarnau

We study structural conditions in dense graphs that guarantee the existence of vertex-spanning substructures such as Hamilton cycles. It is easy to see that every Hamiltonian graph is connected, has a perfect fractional matching and,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-06-21 Richard Lang , Nicolás Sanhueza-Matamala

In this paper we examine the percolation properties of higher-order networks that have non-trivial clustering and subgraph-based assortative mixing (the tendency of vertices to connect to other vertices based on subgraph joint degree). Our…

Physics and Society · Physics 2022-10-07 Peter Mann , Lei Fang , Simon Dobson

Percolation is an important topic in climate, physics, materials science, epidemiology, finance, and so on. Prediction of percolation thresholds with machine learning methods remains challenging. In this paper, we build a powerful graph…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2023-04-10 Hua Tian , Lirong Zhang , Youjin Deng , Wanzhou Zhang

The famous Erd\H{o}s-Gallai Theorem on the Tur\'an number of paths states that every graph with $n$ vertices and $m$ edges contains a path with at least $\frac{2m}{n}$ edges. In this note, we first establish a simple but novel extension of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-01-17 Bo Ning , Xing Peng

In this paper, we study the order of the largest connected component of a random graph having two sources of randomness: first, the graph is chosen randomly from all graphs with a given degree sequence, and then bond percolation is applied.…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-02-20 Lyuben Lichev , Dieter Mitsche , Guillem Perarnau

Graph neural networks can accurately predict the chemical properties of many molecular systems, but their suitability for large, macromolecular assemblies such as gels is unknown. Here, graph neural networks were trained and optimised for…

Computational Physics · Physics 2025-04-14 D. A. Head

We prove central limit theorems (CLTs) for topological functionals of Bernoulli bond percolation on infinite graphs beyond the Euclidean lattice $\mathbb{Z}^{d}$. For quasi-transitive graphs of subexponential growth, we show that the number…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-04-10 Luciano H. L. de Araújo , Daniel Miranda Machado , Cristian F. Coletti

Motivated by the success of a k-clique percolation method for the identification of overlapping communities in large real networks, here we study the k-clique percolation problem in the Erdos-Renyi graph. When the probability p of two nodes…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2007-05-23 Gergely Palla , Imre Derenyi , Tamas Vicsek

Random graphs have played an instrumental role in modelling real-world networks arising from the internet topology, social networks, or even protein-interaction networks within cells. Percolation, on the other hand, has been the fundamental…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-09-12 Souvik Dhara

The problem of continuum percolation in dispersions of rods is reformulated in terms of weighted random geometric graphs. Nodes (or sites or vertices) in the graph represent spatial locations occupied by the centers of the rods. The…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-09-30 Avik P. Chatterjee , Claudio Grimaldi

A simple but powerful network model with $n$ nodes and $m$ partly overlapping layers is generated as an overlay of independent random graphs $G_1,\dots,G_m$ with variable sizes and densities. The model is parameterised by a joint…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-11-04 Mindaugas Bloznelis , Lasse Leskelä

We introduce a formalism for computing bond percolation properties of a class of correlated and clustered random graphs. This class of graphs is a generalization of the Configuration Model where nodes of different types are connected via…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2017-10-06 Antoine Allard , Laurent Hébert-Dufresne , Pierre-André Noël , Vincent Marceau , Louis J. Dubé

We consider a class of random, weighted networks, obtained through a redefinition of patterns in an Hopfield-like model and, by performing percolation processes, we get information about topology and resilience properties of the networks…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-05-30 Elena Agliari , Claudia Cioli , Enore Guadagnini