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The parsec-scale total intensity structures of BL Lac objects share many characteristics with quasars: e.g. well-collimated jets and superluminal motion. However, the jets of BL Lac objects appear to fade much more quickly than those in…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 C. Reynolds , T. V. Cawthorne , D. C. Gabuzda

High-resolution millimeter wave very-long-baseline interferometry (mm-VLBI) is an ideal tool for probing the structure at the base of extragalactic jets in detail. The TeV blazar Mrk 501 is one of the best targets among BL Lac objects for…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-01-12 S. Koyama , M. Kino , M. Giroletti , A. Doi , G. Giovannini , M. Orienti , K. Hada , E. Ros , K. Niinuma , H. Nagai , T. Savolainen , T. P. Krichbaum , M. Á. Pérez-Torres

We present the results of a multi-frequency study of the structural evolution of the VLBI jet in the BL Lac object 0716+714 over the last 10 years. We show VLBI images obtained at 5 GHz, 8.4 GHz, 15 GHz and 22 GHz. The milliarcsecond source…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 U. Bach , T. P. Krichbaum , E. Ros , S. Britzen , W. W. Tian , A. Kraus , A. Witzel , J. A. Zensus

The BL Lacertae (BL Lac) object OJ 287 is one of the most dynamic blazars across the directly accessible observational windows: spectral, timing, polarization, and imaging. Apart from behaviors considered characteristics of blazars, it…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-07-01 Pankaj Kushwaha

Using millimeter-very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) observations of the BL Lac object S5 0716+714 from August 2008 to September 2013, we investigate variations in the core flux density and orientation of the sub-parsec scale jet i.e.…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2014-11-11 B. Rani , T. P. Krichbaum , A. P. Marscher , S. G. Jorstad , J. A. Hodgson , L. Fuhrmann , J. A. Zensus

The Fermi and Swift satellites, together with ground based Cherenkov telescopes, has greatly improved our knowledge of blazars, namely Flat Spectrum Radio Quasars and BL Lac objects, since all but the most powerful emit most of their…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-17 G. Ghisellini

Active Galactic Nucleus jets have long be thought to exhibit a conical jet shape, but recently, several jets were found to have a transition from parabolic to conical structure. As more sources are investigated, this collimation profile…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-08-06 ZhanHao Ng , Juan Carlos Algaba , Zamri Zainal Abidin

We investigate the previously proposed possibility that multi-epoch broadband polarimetry could act as a complement or limited proxy for VLBI observations of blazars, in that the number of polarised emission components in the jet, and some…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2019-02-20 C. S. Anderson , S. P. O'Sullivan , G. H. Heald , T. Hodgson , A. Pasetto , B. M. Gaensler

Multifrequency polarimetry, recently extended to the X-ray band thanks to the Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer (IXPE) satellite, is an essential tool for understanding blazar jets. High-frequency-peaked BL Lacs (HBLs) and extreme…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-07-23 Alberto Sciaccaluga , Agnese Costa , Fabrizio Tavecchio , Gianluigi Bodo , Paolo Coppi , Stella Boula

The analysis of $\gamma$-ray flux variability along with the parsec-scale jet kinematics suggests that the high-energy radiation in the BL Lac object S5 0716+714 has a significant correlation with the mm-VLBI core flux density and with the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-03-17 B. Rani , T. P. Krichbaum , A. P. Marscher , S. G. Jorstad , J. A. Hodgson , L. Fuhrmann , J. A. Zensus

BL Lacertae has been the target of several observing campaigns by the Whole Earth Blazar Telescope (WEBT) collaboration and is one of the best studied blazars at all accessible wavelengths. A recent analysis of the optical and radio…

We present the first very-long-baseline interferometric (VLBI) observations of the blazar OJ287 carried out jointly with the Global Millimeter VLBI Array (GMVA) and the phased Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) at 3.5 mm on…

We present first-epoch, milliarcsecond-scale linear polarization images at 15 GHz of 133 jets associated with AGN in the MOJAVE survey (Monitoring of Jets in Active Galactic Nuclei with VLBA Experiments). The sample consists of all known…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-09-29 M. L. Lister , D. C. Homan

We present the results of global VLBI observations of the BL Lac object PKS 0003-066 at 2.3 and 8.6 GHz, over a 10 year period using data from new and archived VLBA, geodetic VLBI, and global VLBI (including the use of new disk-based…

When a radio jet is partially optically thick in the launching region, its apparent compact core may display frequency-dependent positional shifts. High-precision astrometric measurements of core shifts enable astronomers to pinpoint the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-04-24 Niu Liu , Jun Yang , Xiaopeng Cheng , Ai-Ling Zeng , Wen Chen , Xiao-Long Yang , Xiaoyu Hong , Xia-Xuan Zhang , Jia-Cheng Liu , Zi Zhu

Context. We present evidence that parsec-scale jets in BL Lac objects may be significantly distinct in kinematics from their counterparts in quasars. We argued this previously for the BL lac sources 1803+784 and 0716+714, report here a…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-18 S. Britzen , A. Witzel , B. P. Gong , J. W. Zhang , Gopal-Krishna , Arti Goyal , M. F. Aller , H. D. Aller , J. A. Zensus

Context. Monitoring of BL Lacertae at 15 GHz with the Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA) has revealed a quasi-stationary radio feature in the innermost part of the jet, at 0.26 mas from the radio core. Stationary features are found in many…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-08-19 T. G. Arshakian , A. B. Pushkarev , M. L. Lister , T. Savolainen

(abridged) Relativistic jets, formed in the vicinity of central supermassive black holes in AGN, show ample evidence connecting them to physical conditions in the accretion disc and broad-line region. The jets are responsible for a large…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2010-10-15 Andrei Lobanov

Detection of blazar pc scale counter-jets is difficult, but it can provide invaluable insight into the relativistic effects, radiative processes and the complex mechanisms of jet production, collimation and accelation in blazars. We build…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-12-14 I. Liodakis , V. Pavlidou , E. Angelakis

We collected optical and near IR linear polarization data obtained over 20--30 years for a sample of 51 blazars. For each object, we calculated the probability that the distribution of position angles was isotropic. The distribution of…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Michael J. Yuan , Hien Tran , Beverley Wills , D. Wills