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The rapid proliferation of multimodal generative models has sparked critical discussions on their reliability, fairness and potential for misuse. While text-to-image models excel at producing high-fidelity, user-guided content, they often…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Jordan Vice , Naveed Akhtar , Leonid Sigal , Richard Hartley , Ajmal Mian

Generative models such as Large Language Models, Diffusion Models, and generative adversarial networks have recently revolutionized the creation of synthetic data, offering scalable solutions to data scarcity, privacy, and annotation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Dawei Li , Yue Huang , Ming Li , Tianyi Zhou , Xiangliang Zhang , Huan Liu

Diffusion models have recently driven significant breakthroughs in generative modeling. While state-of-the-art models produce high-quality samples on average, individual samples can still be low quality. Detecting such samples without human…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Metod Jazbec , Eliot Wong-Toi , Guoxuan Xia , Dan Zhang , Eric Nalisnick , Stephan Mandt

Assessing whether a sample survey credibly represents the population is a critical question for ensuring the validity of downstream research. Generally, this problem reduces to estimating the distance between two high-dimensional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-29 Debabrota Basu , Sourav Chakraborty , Debarshi Chanda , Buddha Dev Das , Arijit Ghosh , Arnab Ray

Simulation methods have always been instrumental in finance, and data-driven methods with minimal model specification, commonly referred to as generative models, have attracted increasing attention, especially after the success of deep…

Portfolio Management · Quantitative Finance 2025-04-24 Adil Rengim Cetingoz , Charles-Albert Lehalle

Synthetic Data is not new, but recent advances in Generative AI have raised interest in expanding the research toolbox, creating new opportunities and risks. This article provides a taxonomy of the full breadth of the Synthetic Data domain.…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-08-29 Richard Timpone , Yongwei Yang

Recent advancements in generative models have unlocked the capabilities to render photo-realistic data in a controllable fashion. Trained on the real data, these generative models are capable of producing realistic samples with minimal to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-13 Abhay Rawat , Shubham Dokania , Astitva Srivastava , Shuaib Ahmed , Haiwen Feng , Rahul Tallamraju

Recent advances in generative modeling have led to an increased interest in the study of statistical divergences as means of model comparison. Commonly used evaluation methods, such as the Frechet Inception Distance (FID), correlate well…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-10-30 Mehdi S. M. Sajjadi , Olivier Bachem , Mario Lucic , Olivier Bousquet , Sylvain Gelly

Recent advances in generative modelling have led many to see synthetic data as the go-to solution for a range of problems around data access, scarcity, and under-representation. In this paper, we study three prominent use cases: (1) Sharing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Bogdan Kulynych , Theresa Stadler , Jean Louis Raisaro , Carmela Troncoso

The generation of high-quality synthetic data presents significant challenges in machine learning research, particularly regarding statistical fidelity and uncertainty quantification. Existing generative models produce compelling synthetic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Rahul Vishwakarma , Shrey Dharmendra Modi , Vishwanath Seshagiri

With the advent of generative modeling techniques, synthetic data and its use has penetrated across various domains from unstructured data such as image, text to structured dataset modeling healthcare outcome, risk decisioning in financial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-11 Aman Gupta , Deepak Bhatt , Anubha Pandey

How should we evaluate the quality of generative models? Many existing metrics focus on a model's producibility, i.e. the quality and breadth of outputs it can generate. However, the actual value from using a generative model stems not just…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Keyon Vafa , Sarah Bentley , Jon Kleinberg , Sendhil Mullainathan

Synthetic datasets are important for evaluating and testing machine learning models. When evaluating real-life recommender systems, high-dimensional categorical (and sparse) datasets are often considered. Unfortunately, there are not many…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-12-11 Miha Malenšek , Blaž Škrlj , Blaž Mramor , Jure Demšar

Due to the difficulty of acquiring extensive real-world data, robot simulation has become crucial for parallel training and sim-to-real transfer, highlighting the importance of scalable simulated robotic tasks. Foundation models have…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-10-11 Feng Chen , Botian Xu , Pu Hua , Peiqi Duan , Yanchao Yang , Yi Ma , Huazhe Xu

The role of AI-generated synthetic data has recently been expanded to support realistic Monte Carlo simulations. However, guidance is limited on generating data with multilevel structures and designing simulations based on such data. This…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-08 Youmi Suk , Chenguang Pan , Weixuan Xiao

The past few years have seen impressive progress in the development of deep generative models capable of producing high-dimensional, complex, and photo-realistic data. However, current methods for evaluating such models remain incomplete:…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-14 Marco Jiralerspong , Avishek Joey Bose , Ian Gemp , Chongli Qin , Yoram Bachrach , Gauthier Gidel

A good metric, which promises a reliable comparison between solutions, is essential for any well-defined task. Unlike most vision tasks that have per-sample ground-truth, image synthesis tasks target generating unseen data and hence are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Mengping Yang , Ceyuan Yang , Yichi Zhang , Qingyan Bai , Yujun Shen , Bo Dai

This research addresses a critical challenge in the field of generative models, particularly in the generation and evaluation of synthetic images. Given the inherent complexity of generative models and the absence of a standardized…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Majid Memari , Khaled R. Ahmed , Shahram Rahimi , Noorbakhsh Amiri Golilarz

Synthetic data has gained significant momentum thanks to sophisticated machine learning tools that enable the synthesis of high-dimensional datasets. However, many generation techniques do not give the data controller control over what…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-11-22 Florimond Houssiau , Samuel N. Cohen , Lukasz Szpruch , Owen Daniel , Michaela G. Lawrence , Robin Mitra , Henry Wilde , Callum Mole

Synthetic tabular data generation becomes crucial when real data is limited, expensive to collect, or simply cannot be used due to privacy concerns. However, producing good quality synthetic data is challenging. Several probabilistic,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Vikram S Chundawat , Ayush K Tarun , Murari Mandal , Mukund Lahoti , Pratik Narang