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Permutation invariant neural networks are a promising tool for making predictions from sets. However, we show that existing permutation invariant architectures, Deep Sets and Set Transformer, can suffer from vanishing or exploding gradients…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-15 Lily H. Zhang , Veronica Tozzo , John M. Higgins , Rajesh Ranganath

Equivariant neural networks exploit underlying task symmetries to improve generalization, but strict equivariance constraints can induce more complex optimization dynamics that can hinder learning. Prior work addresses these limitations by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Stefanos Pertigkiozoglou , Mircea Petrache , Shubhendu Trivedi , Kostas Daniilidis

We review a novel neural network architecture called lattice gauge equivariant convolutional neural networks (L-CNNs), which can be applied to generic machine learning problems in lattice gauge theory while exactly preserving gauge…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2021-11-09 Matteo Favoni , Andreas Ipp , David I. Müller , Daniel Schuh

Latent representations are used extensively for downstream tasks, such as visualization, interpolation or feature extraction of deep learning models. Invariant and equivariant neural networks are powerful and well-established models for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-16 Andreas Abildtrup Hansen , Anna Calissano , Aasa Feragen

Group-equivariant convolutional neural networks (G-CNN) heavily rely on parameter sharing to increase CNN's data efficiency and performance. However, the parameter-sharing strategy greatly increases the computational burden for each added…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Wenzhao Zhao , Barbara D. Wichtmann , Steffen Albert , Angelika Maurer , Frank G. Zöllner , Jürgen Hesser

Treating neural network inputs and outputs as random variables, we characterize the structure of neural networks that can be used to model data that are invariant or equivariant under the action of a compact group. Much recent research has…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-09-18 Benjamin Bloem-Reddy , Yee Whye Teh

3D Convolutional Neural Networks are sensitive to transformations applied to their input. This is a problem because a voxelized version of a 3D object, and its rotated clone, will look unrelated to each other after passing through to the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-04-13 Daniel Worrall , Gabriel Brostow

The inclusion of symmetries as an inductive bias, known as equivariance, often improves generalization on geometric data (e.g. grids, sets, and graphs). However, equivariant architectures are usually highly constrained, designed for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Abhinav Goel , Derek Lim , Hannah Lawrence , Stefanie Jegelka , Ningyuan Huang

We address the problem of improving the performance and in particular the sample complexity of deep neural networks by enforcing and guaranteeing invariances to symmetry transformations rather than learning them from data. Group-equivariant…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-06 Matthias Rath , Alexandru Paul Condurache

Equivariant neural networks provide a principled framework for incorporating symmetry into learning architectures and have been extensively analyzed through the lens of their separation power, that is, the ability to distinguish inputs…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Marco Pacini , Gabriele Santin , Bruno Lepri , Shubhendu Trivedi

In this work, we focus on using convolution neural networks (CNN) to perform object recognition on the event data. In object recognition, it is important for a neural network to be robust to the variations of the data during testing. For…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-12-02 Ziyun Wang

Convolutional neural networks or standard CNNs (StdCNNs) are translation-equivariant models that achieve translation invariance when trained on data augmented with sufficient translations. Recent work on equivariant models for a given group…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-09 Sandesh Kamath , Amit Deshpande , K V Subrahmanyam

Weight sharing in convolutional neural networks (CNNs) ensures that their feature maps will be translation-equivariant. However, although conventional convolutions are equivariant to translation, they are not equivariant to other isometries…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2021-03-10 Anna M. M. Scaife , Fiona Porter

Equivariant network architectures are a well-established tool for predicting invariant or equivariant quantities. However, almost all learning problems considered in this context feature a global symmetry, i.e. each point of the underlying…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-24 Longde Huang , Oleksandr Balabanov , Hampus Linander , Mats Granath , Daniel Persson , Jan E. Gerken

In this work we obtain the general form of polynomial mappings that commute with a linear action of a relative symmetry group. The aim is to give results for relative equivariant polynomials that correspond to the results for relative…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2014-11-25 Patricia Hernandes Baptistelli , Miriam Manoel

Contrastive pretraining provides robust representations by ensuring their invariance to different image transformations while simultaneously preventing representational collapse. Equivariant contrastive learning, on the other hand, provides…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-23 Taha Emre , Arunava Chakravarty , Dmitrii Lachinov , Antoine Rivail , Ursula Schmidt-Erfurth , Hrvoje Bogunović

Traditional supervised learning aims to learn an unknown mapping by fitting a function to a set of input-output pairs with a fixed dimension. The fitted function is then defined on inputs of the same dimension. However, in many settings,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-01 Eitan Levin , Mateo Díaz

We present a novel application of category theory for deep learning. We show how category theory can be used to understand and work with the linear layer functions of group equivariant neural networks whose layers are some tensor power…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-28 Edward Pearce-Crump

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are inherently equivariant to translation. Efforts to embed other forms of equivariance have concentrated solely on rotation. We expand the notion of equivariance in CNNs through the Polar Transformer…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-02-02 Carlos Esteves , Christine Allen-Blanchette , Xiaowei Zhou , Kostas Daniilidis

Current generative models, such as autoregressive and diffusion approaches, decompose high-dimensional data distribution learning into a series of simpler subtasks. However, inherent conflicts arise during the joint optimization of these…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Ruixiao Dong , Mengde Xu , Zigang Geng , Li Li , Han Hu , Shuyang Gu