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The manifold hypothesis states that high-dimensional data can be modeled as lying on or near a low-dimensional, nonlinear manifold. Variational Autoencoders (VAEs) approximate this manifold by learning mappings from low-dimensional latent…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-03-03 Marissa C. Connor , Gregory H. Canal , Christopher J. Rozell

This paper presents a novel state representation for reward-free Markov decision processes. The idea is to learn, in a self-supervised manner, an embedding space where distances between pairs of embedded states correspond to the minimum…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-05 Lorenzo Steccanella , Anders Jonsson

Disentanglement is a useful property in representation learning which increases the interpretability of generative models such as Variational autoencoders (VAE), Generative Adversarial Models, and their many variants. Typically in such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-31 Arun Pandey , Michael Fanuel , Joachim Schreurs , Johan A. K. Suykens

Conditional computation is a popular strategy to make Transformers more efficient. Existing methods often target individual modules (e.g., mixture-of-experts layers) or skip layers independently of one another. However, interpretability…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-27 Tim Lawson , Laurence Aitchison

Molecular graphs generally contain subgraphs (known as groups) that are identifiable and significant in composition, functionality, geometry, etc. Flat latent representations (node embeddings or graph embeddings) fail to represent, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-04-05 Daniel T. Chang

Manifold learning flows are a class of generative modelling techniques that assume a low-dimensional manifold description of the data. The embedding of such a manifold into the high-dimensional space of the data is achieved via learnable…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-03-07 Kyriakos Flouris , Ender Konukoglu

We investigate recurrent neural networks with asymmetric interactions and demonstrate that the inclusion of self-couplings or sparse excitatory inter-module connections leads to the emergence of a densely connected manifold of dynamically…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2026-01-01 Davide Badalotti , Carlo Baldassi , Marc Mézard , Mattia Scardecchia , Riccardo Zecchina

As a pivotal branch of machine learning, manifold learning uncovers the intrinsic low-dimensional structure within complex nonlinear manifolds in high-dimensional space for visualization, classification, clustering, and gaining key…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Dehua Peng , Zhipeng Gui , Wenzhang Wei , Fa Li , Jie Gui , Huayi Wu , Jianya Gong

We explore and expand the $\textit{Soft Nearest Neighbor Loss}$ to measure the $\textit{entanglement}$ of class manifolds in representation space: i.e., how close pairs of points from the same class are relative to pairs of points from…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-02-07 Nicholas Frosst , Nicolas Papernot , Geoffrey Hinton

Spectral-based subspace clustering methods have proved successful in many challenging applications such as gene sequencing, image recognition, and motion segmentation. In this work, we first propose a novel spectral-based subspace…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-06-09 Hankui Peng , Nicos G. Pavlidis

Manifold-valued data naturally arises in medical imaging. In cognitive neuroscience, for instance, brain connectomes base the analysis of coactivation patterns between different brain regions on the analysis of the correlations of their…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-11-20 Nina Miolane , Susan Holmes

Transformer models have consistently achieved remarkable results in various domains such as natural language processing and computer vision. However, despite ongoing research efforts to better understand these models, the field still lacks…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Ilya Kaufman , Omri Azencot

Graph Neural Networks usually rely on the assumption that the graph topology is available to the network as well as optimal for the downstream task. Latent graph inference allows models to dynamically learn the intrinsic graph structure of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-28 Haitz Sáez de Ocáriz Borde , Anees Kazi , Federico Barbero , Pietro Liò

Modern machine learning techniques commonly rely on complex, high-dimensional embedding representations to capture underlying structure in the data and improve performance. In order to characterize model flaws and choose a desirable…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-02-18 Venkatesh Sivaraman , Yiwei Wu , Adam Perer

Pre-trained deep image representations are useful for post-training tasks such as classification through transfer learning, image retrieval, and object detection. Data augmentations are a crucial aspect of pre-training robust…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-02-23 Sangnie Bhardwaj , Willie McClinton , Tongzhou Wang , Guillaume Lajoie , Chen Sun , Phillip Isola , Dilip Krishnan

Representing token embeddings as probability distributions over learned manifolds allows for more flexible contextual inference, reducing representational rigidity while enhancing semantic granularity. Comparative evaluations demonstrate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-25 Christopher Nightingale , Dominic Lavington , Jonathan Thistlethwaite , Sebastian Penhaligon , Thomas Belinski , David Boldo

Manifolds discovered by machine learning models provide a compact representation of the underlying data. Geodesics on these manifolds define locally length-minimising curves and provide a notion of distance, which are key for reduced-order…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-25 Daniel Kelshaw , Luca Magri

Modeling multivariate time series as temporal signals over a (possibly dynamic) graph is an effective representational framework that allows for developing models for time series analysis. In fact, discrete sequences of graphs can be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-11 Ivan Marisca , Andrea Cini , Cesare Alippi

Decision trees (DTs) and their random forest (RF) extensions are workhorses of classification and regression in Euclidean spaces. However, algorithms for learning in non-Euclidean spaces are still limited. We extend DT and RF algorithms to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Philippe Chlenski , Quentin Chu , Raiyan R. Khan , Kaizhu Du , Antonio Khalil Moretti , Itsik Pe'er

There has been a growing interest in statistical inference from data satisfying the so-called manifold hypothesis, assuming data points in the high-dimensional ambient space to lie in close vicinity of a submanifold of much lower dimension.…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-01-04 Rong Tang , Yun Yang