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Documents are often used for knowledge sharing and preservation in business and science, within which are tables that capture most of the critical data. Unfortunately, most documents are stored and distributed as PDF or scanned images,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-03 Xinyi Zheng , Doug Burdick , Lucian Popa , Xu Zhong , Nancy Xin Ru Wang

The first phase of table recognition is to detect the tabular area in a document. Subsequently, the tabular structures are recognized in the second phase in order to extract information from the respective cells. Table detection and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-05-11 Khurram Azeem Hashmi , Marcus Liwicki , Didier Stricker , Muhammad Adnan Afzal , Muhammad Ahtsham Afzal , Muhammad Zeshan Afzal

Tables present summarized and structured information to the reader, which makes table structure extraction an important part of document understanding applications. However, table structure identification is a hard problem not only because…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-02-07 Saqib Ali Khan , Syed Muhammad Daniyal Khalid , Muhammad Ali Shahzad , Faisal Shafait

Important information that relates to a specific topic in a document is often organized in tabular format to assist readers with information retrieval and comparison, which may be difficult to provide in natural language. However, tabular…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-03-05 Xu Zhong , Elaheh ShafieiBavani , Antonio Jimeno Yepes

Designing high-quality presentation slides can be challenging for non-experts due to the complexity involved in navigating various design choices. Numerous automated tools can suggest layouts and color schemes, yet often lack the ability to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-24 Jooyeol Yun , Heng Wang , Yotaro Shimose , Jaegul Choo , Shingo Takamatsu

Tables condense key transactional and administrative information into compact layouts, but practical extraction requires more than text recognition: systems must also recover structure (rows, columns, merged cells, headers) and interpret…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Laziz Hamdi , Amine Tamasna , Thierry Paquet

Question answering on free-form tables (a.k.a. TableQA) is a challenging task because of the flexible structure and complex schema of tables. Recent studies use Large Language Models (LLMs) for this task, exploiting their capability in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Yuxiang Wang , Jianzhong Qi , Junhao Gan

Understanding and extracting of information from large documents, such as business opportunities, academic articles, medical documents and technical reports, poses challenges not present in short documents. Such large documents may be…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-10-10 Muhammad Mahbubur Rahman , Tim Finin

Information representation as tables are compact and concise method that eases searching, indexing, and storage requirements. Extracting and cloning tables from parsable documents is easier and widely used, however industry still faces…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-10-20 Smita Pallavi , Raj Ratn Pranesh , Sumit Kumar

Extracting information from tables in documents presents a significant challenge in many industries and in academic research. Existing methods which take a bottom-up approach of integrating lines into cells and rows or columns neglect the…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2019-04-04 Nataliya Le Vine , Matthew Zeigenfuse , Mark Rowan

Tabular structures are used to present crucial information in a structured and crisp manner. Detection of such regions is of great importance for proper understanding of a document. Tabular structures can be of various layouts and types.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-08-28 Soumyadeep Dey , Jayanta Mukhopadhyay , Shamik Sural

Recent advancements in the area of Computer Vision with state-of-art Neural Networks has given a boost to Optical Character Recognition (OCR) accuracies. However, extracting characters/text alone is often insufficient for relevant…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-12-17 Vishwanath D , Rohit Rahul , Gunjan Sehgal , Swati , Arindam Chowdhury , Monika Sharma , Lovekesh Vig , Gautam Shroff , Ashwin Srinivasan

Incorporating external knowledge bases in traditional retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) relies on parsing the document, followed by querying a language model with the parsed information via in-context learning. While effective for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Jacob Si , Mike Qu , Michelle Lee , Marek Rei , Yingzhen Li

Recent advancements in language models (LMs) have notably enhanced their ability to reason with tabular data, primarily through program-aided mechanisms that manipulate and analyze tables. However, these methods often require the entire…

Deep learning has achieved impressive performance in many domains, such as computer vision and natural language processing, but its advantage over classical shallow methods on tabular datasets remains questionable. It is especially…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-25 Witold Wydmański , Oleksii Bulenok , Marek Śmieja

Recently, Table Structure Recognition (TSR) task, aiming at identifying table structure into machine readable formats, has received increasing interest in the community. While impressive success, most single table component-based methods…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-17 Hao Liu , Xin Li , Mingming Gong , Bing Liu , Yunfei Wu , Deqiang Jiang , Yinsong Liu , Xing Sun

The conventional use of the Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) architecture has proven effective for retrieving information from diverse documents. However, challenges arise in handling complex table queries, especially within PDF…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-13 Uday Allu , Biddwan Ahmed , Vishesh Tripathi

Documents are core carriers of information and knowl-edge, with broad applications in finance, healthcare, and scientific research. Tables, as the main medium for structured data, encapsulate key information and are among the most critical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-15 Xuan Li , Jialiang Dong , Raymond Wong

Tables are an important form of structured data for both human and machine readers alike, providing answers to questions that cannot, or cannot easily, be found in texts. Recent work has designed special models and training paradigms for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-23 Zhiruo Wang , Zhengbao Jiang , Eric Nyberg , Graham Neubig

Extracting key information from documents represents a large portion of business workloads and therefore offers a high potential for efficiency improvements and process automation. With recent advances in Deep Learning, a plethora of Deep…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-07-21 Alexander Michael Rombach , Peter Fettke