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Large Language Models (LLMs), such as Generative Pre-trained Transformers (GPTs) are revolutionizing the generation of human-like text, producing contextually relevant and syntactically correct content. Despite challenges like biases and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Alper Yaman , Jannik Schwab , Christof Nitsche , Abhirup Sinha , Marco Huber

Transformer-based language models, such as BERT and its variants, have achieved state-of-the-art performance in several downstream natural language processing (NLP) tasks on generic benchmark datasets (e.g., GLUE, SQUAD, RACE). However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-09-04 John Koutsikakis , Ilias Chalkidis , Prodromos Malakasiotis , Ion Androutsopoulos

Transformer-based language models are now widely used in Natural Language Processing (NLP). This statement is especially true for English language, in which many pre-trained models utilizing transformer-based architecture have been…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-06-11 Sławomir Dadas , Michał Perełkiewicz , Rafał Poświata

Unlike recurrent models, conventional wisdom has it that Transformers cannot perfectly model regular languages. Inspired by the notion of working memory, we propose a new Transformer variant named RegularGPT. With its novel combination of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-09 Ta-Chung Chi , Ting-Han Fan , Alexander I. Rudnicky , Peter J. Ramadge

This article provides a brief overview of the field of Natural Language Generation. The term Natural Language Generation (NLG), in its broadest definition, refers to the study of systems that verbalize some form of information through…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Emiel van Miltenburg , Chenghua Lin

Transformers are neural networks that revolutionized natural language processing and machine learning. They process sequences of inputs, like words, using a mechanism called self-attention, which is trained via masked language modeling…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2024-04-17 Riccardo Rende , Federica Gerace , Alessandro Laio , Sebastian Goldt

Large pre-trained neural networks such as BERT have had great recent success in NLP, motivating a growing body of research investigating what aspects of language they are able to learn from unlabeled data. Most recent analysis has focused…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-12 Kevin Clark , Urvashi Khandelwal , Omer Levy , Christopher D. Manning

Large Language Models (LLMs), powered by Transformers, have demonstrated human-like intelligence capabilities, yet their underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. This paper presents a novel framework for interpreting LLMs as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-16 Phill Kyu Rhee

Transformers-based models, such as BERT, have dramatically improved the performance for various natural language processing tasks. The clinical knowledge enriched model, namely ClinicalBERT, also achieved state-of-the-art results when…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-18 Yikuan Li , Ramsey M. Wehbe , Faraz S. Ahmad , Hanyin Wang , Yuan Luo

Natural language processing (NLP) has grown significantly since the advent of the Transformer architecture. Transformers have given birth to pre-trained large language models (PLMs). There has been tremendous improvement in the performance…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Jesse Atuhurra , Hidetaka Kamigaito

Pre-trained language models have recently contributed to significant advances in NLP tasks. Recently, multi-modal versions of BERT have been developed, using heavy pre-training relying on vast corpora of aligned textual and image data,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-12-17 Thomas Scialom , Patrick Bordes , Paul-Alexis Dray , Jacopo Staiano , Patrick Gallinari

More recently, Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT) was proposed and has achieved impressive success on many natural language processing (NLP) tasks such as question answering and language understanding, due mainly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-13 Shih-Hsuan Chiu , Berlin Chen

Pre-trained Language Models recently gained traction in the Natural Language Processing (NLP) domain for text summarization, generation and question-answering tasks. This stems from the innovation introduced in Transformer models and their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-01 Kenneth Ezukwoke , Anis Hoayek , Mireille Batton-Hubert , Xavier Boucher , Pascal Gounet , Jerome Adrian

Transformers have become one of the most important architectural innovations in deep learning and have enabled many breakthroughs over the past few years. Here we propose a simple network architecture, gMLP, based on MLPs with gating, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-03 Hanxiao Liu , Zihang Dai , David R. So , Quoc V. Le

This study investigates the internal mechanisms of BERT, a transformer-based large language model, with a focus on its ability to cluster narrative content and authorial style across its layers. Using a dataset of narratives developed via…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-15 Awritrojit Banerjee , Achim Schilling , Patrick Krauss

Over the past year, the emergence of transfer learning with large-scale language models (LM) has led to dramatic performance improvements across a broad range of natural language understanding tasks. However, the size and memory footprint…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-02-04 Luke Melas-Kyriazi , George Han , Celine Liang

Unsupervised pre-training of large neural models has recently revolutionized Natural Language Processing. By warm-starting from the publicly released checkpoints, NLP practitioners have pushed the state-of-the-art on multiple benchmarks…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-08-10 Sascha Rothe , Shashi Narayan , Aliaksei Severyn

This paper investigates how Natural Language Understanding (NLU) could be applied in Emotion Recognition, a specific task in affective computing. We finetuned different transformers language models (BERT, DistilBERT, RoBERTa, XLNet, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-06 Diogo Cortiz

Recent years have seen a phenomenal rise in performance and applications of transformer neural networks. The family of transformer networks, including Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformer (BERT), Generative Pretrained…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-18 Krishna Teja Chitty-Venkata , Sparsh Mittal , Murali Emani , Venkatram Vishwanath , Arun K. Somani

The era of transfer learning has revolutionized the fields of Computer Vision and Natural Language Processing, bringing powerful pretrained models with exceptional performance across a variety of tasks. Specifically, Natural Language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-04-04 Iakovos Evdaimon , Hadi Abdine , Christos Xypolopoulos , Stamatis Outsios , Michalis Vazirgiannis , Giorgos Stamou
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