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Inference-Time Scaling (ITS) improves language models by allocating more computation at generation time. Particle Filtering (PF) has emerged as a strong ITS method for complex mathematical reasoning tasks, but it is vulnerable when guided…

In this paper, we present a new ensemble-based filter method by reconstructing the analysis step of the particle filter through a transport map, which directly transports prior particles to posterior particles. The transport map is…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-14 Dengfei Zeng , Lijian Jiang

Particle filtering is a Bayesian inference method and a fundamental tool in state estimation for dynamic systems, but its effectiveness is often limited by the constraints of the initial prior distribution, a phenomenon we define as the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-01-31 Yiwei Shi , Jingyu Hu , Yu Zhang , Mengyue Yang , Weinan Zhang , Cunjia Liu , Weiru Liu

We consider the discrete-time filtering problem in scenarios where the observation noise is low or degenerate. We focus on the case where the observation equation is a linear function of the state and the data involve additive noise.…

Computation · Statistics 2026-04-01 Abylay Zhumekenov , Alexandros Beskos , Dan Crisan , Ajay Jasra , Nikolas Kantas

Motivated by non-linear, non-Gaussian, distributed multi-sensor/agent navigation and tracking applications, we propose a multi-rate consensus/fusion based framework for distributed implementation of the particle filter (CF/DPF). The CF/DPF…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2012-09-06 Arash Mohammadi , Amir Asif

Partitioning a set of elements into an unknown number of mutually exclusive subsets is essential in many machine learning problems. However, assigning elements, such as samples in a dataset or neurons in a network layer, to an unknown and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-10 Thomas M. Sutter , Alain Ryser , Joram Liebeskind , Julia E. Vogt

Particle filtering is a powerful approach to sequential state estimation and finds application in many domains, including robot localization, object tracking, etc. To apply particle filtering in practice, a critical challenge is to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-05-29 Peter Karkus , David Hsu , Wee Sun Lee

The filtering of a Markov diffusion process on a manifold from counting process observations leads to `large' changes in the conditional distribution upon an observed event, corresponding to a multiplication of the density by the intensity…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-11-01 Simone Carlo Surace , Anna Kutschireiter , Jean-Pascal Pfister

We show the application of an optimal transportation approach to estimate stochastic volatility process by using the flow that optimally transports the set of particles from the prior to a posterior distribution. We also show how to direct…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2017-09-06 Raphael Douady , Shohruh Miryusupov

"Particle methods" are sequential Monte Carlo algorithms, typically involving importance sampling, that are used to estimate and sample from joint and marginal densities from a collection of a, presumably increasing, number of random…

Computation · Statistics 2014-07-17 J. N. Corcoran , D. Jennings

The particle filter (PF) is a powerful inference tool widely used to estimate the filtering distribution in non-linear and/or non-Gaussian problems. To overcome the curse of dimensionality of PF, the block PF (BPF) inserts a blocking step…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-03-08 Rui Min , Christelle Garnier , François Septier , John Klein

Particle filtering methods can be applied to estimation problems in discrete spaces on bounded domains, to sample from and marginalise over unknown hidden states. As in continuous settings, problems such as particle degradation can arise:…

Particle filtering is a popular method for inferring latent states in stochastic dynamical systems, whose theoretical properties have been well studied in machine learning and statistics communities. In many control problems, e.g.,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-12 Simon S. Du , Wei Hu , Zhiyuan Li , Ruoqi Shen , Zhao Song , Jiajun Wu

Particle Flow Filters perform the measurement update by moving particles to a different location rather than modifying the particles' weight based on the likelihood. Their movement (flow) is dictated by a drift term, which continuously…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-07-04 Simone Servadio

Both the porous medium equation and the system of isentropic Euler equations can be considered as steepest descents on suitable manifolds of probability measures in the framework of optimal transport theory. By discretizing these…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2015-03-13 Michael Westdickenberg , Jon Wilkening

This paper is concerned with sequential filtering based stochastic optimization (FSO) approaches that leverage a probabilistic perspective to implement the incremental proximity method (IPM). The present FSO methods are derived based on the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-08 Bin Liu

Particle filters are computational techniques for estimating the state of dynamical systems by integrating observational data with model predictions. This work introduces a class of Localized Particle Filters (LPFs) that exploit spatial…

Applications · Statistics 2025-07-10 Dan Crisan , Eliana Fausti

Particle Filter is an effective solution to track objects in video sequences in complex situations. Its key idea is to estimate the density over the possible states of the object using a weighted sample whose elements are called particles.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2012-10-19 Severine Dubuisson , Christophe Gonzales , Xuan Son NGuyen

Particle filters (PFs) are recursive Monte Carlo algorithms for Bayesian tracking and prediction in state space models. This paper addresses continuous-discrete filtering problems, where the hidden state evolves as an It\^o stochastic…

Computation · Statistics 2026-04-24 Utku Erdogan , Gabriel J. Lord , Joaquin Miguez

In this paper, we develop a drift homotopy implicit particle filter method. The methodology of our approach is to adopt the concept of drift homotopy in the resampling procedure of the particle filter method for solving the nonlinear…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-06-23 Xin Li , Feng Bao , Kyle Gallivan