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Given a string $S$ of length $N$ on a fixed alphabet of $\sigma$ symbols, a grammar compressor produces a context-free grammar $G$ of size $n$ that generates $S$ and only $S$. In this paper we describe data structures to support the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2014-08-15 Djamal Belazzougui , Simon J. Puglisi , Yasuo Tabei

It is well-known that checking whether a given string $w$ matches a given regular expression $r$ can be done in quadratic time $O(|w|\cdot |r|)$ and that this cannot be improved to a truly subquadratic running time of $O((|w|\cdot…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-08-21 Antoine Amarilli , Florin Manea , Tina Ringleb , Markus L. Schmid

A compressed self-index stores a string in compressed form while supporting locate queries without decompression. For highly repetitive strings (arising in web crawls, versioned documents, and genomic collections), static self-indexes can…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Takaaki Nishimoto , Yasuo Tabei

We introduce the finite-horizon first-order rank profile of a language $L \subseteq \Sigma^*$: the least quantifier rank needed by an $\mathrm{FO}[<]$ sentence to classify membership in $L$ correctly on all words of length at most $n$. The…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Madina Bazarova , Faruk Alpay

Given strings $P$ of length $m$ and $T$ of length $n$ over an alphabet of size $\sigma$, the string matching with $k$-mismatches problem is to find the positions of all the substrings in $T$ that are at Hamming distance at most $k$ from…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2013-08-01 Emanuele Giaquinta , Szymon Grabowski , Kimmo Fredriksson

The symbolic complexity of an infinite word $W$ is the function $p_W(l)$ counting the number of different subwords in $W$ of length $l$. In this paper our main purpose is to study the complexity for a class of topological dynamical systems,…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2012-01-30 A. A. Prikhod'ko

We consider the problem of storing a dynamic string $S$ over an alphabet $\Sigma=\{\,1,\ldots,\sigma\,\}$ in compressed form. Our representation supports insertions and deletions of symbols and answers three fundamental queries:…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-07-27 J. Ian Munro , Yakov Nekrich

Dictionaries have been one of the central questions in data structures. A dictionary data structure maintains a set of key-value pairs under insertions and deletions such that given a query key, the data structure efficiently returns its…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-11-01 Tianxiao Li , Jingxun Liang , Huacheng Yu , Renfei Zhou

In this paper we investigate the problem of building a static data structure that represents a string s using space close to its compressed size, and allows fast access to individual characters of s. This type of structures was investigated…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2012-05-04 Shiteng Chen , Elad Verbin , Wei Yu

We revisit classic string problems considered in the area of parameterized complexity, and study them through the lens of dynamic data structures. That is, instead of asking for a static algorithm that solves the given instance efficiently,…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-05-03 Jędrzej Olkowski , Michał Pilipczuk , Mateusz Rychlicki , Karol Węgrzycki , Anna Zych-Pawlewicz

Given a string $S$ over an alphabet $\Sigma$, the 'string indexing problem' is to preprocess $S$ to subsequently support efficient pattern matching queries, i.e., given a pattern string $P$ report all the occurrences of $P$ in $S$. In this…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-01-24 Philip Bille , Johannes Fischer , Inge Li Gørtz , Max Rishøj Pedersen , Tord Joakim Stordalen

In a recent paper we analyzed the space complexity of streaming algorithms whose goal is to decide membership of a sliding window to a fixed language. For the class of regular languages we proved a space trichotomy theorem: for every…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2018-01-08 Moses Ganardi , Danny Hucke , Daniel König , Markus Lohrey , Konstantinos Mamouras

On word segmentation problems, machine learning architecture engineering often draws attention. The problem representation itself, however, has remained almost static as either word lattice ranking or character sequence tagging, for at…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-10-07 Mike Tian-Jian Jiang

The problem of dictionary matching is a classical problem in string matching: given a set S of d strings of total length n characters over an (not necessarily constant) alphabet of size sigma, build a data structure so that we can match in…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-05-18 Djamal Belazzougui

In this paper we present algorithms for several string problems in the Congested Clique model. In the Congested Clique model, $n$ nodes (computers) are used to solve some problem. The input to the problem is distributed among the nodes, and…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-04-14 Shay Golan , Matan Kraus

We give a simple algorithm to solve the subgroup membership problem for virtually free groups. For a fixed virtually free group with a fixed generating set $X$, the subgroup membership problem is uniformly solvable in time $O(n\log^*(n))$…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2025-06-18 Sam Cookson , Nicholas Touikan

We consider two natural problems about nondeterministic finite automata. First, given such an automaton M of n states, and a length l, does M accept a word of length l? We show that the classic problem of triangle-free graph recognition…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2018-02-14 Aaron Potechin , Jeffrey Shallit

In this paper, we study arbitrary subword-closed languages over the alphabet $\{0,1\}$ (binary subword-closed languages). For the set of words $L(n)$ of the length $n$ belonging to a binary subword-closed language $L$, we investigate the…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2023-03-22 Mikhail Moshkov

In this paper we examine decision problems associated with various classes of convex languages, studied by Ang and Brzozowski (under the name "continuous languages"). We show that we can decide whether a given language L is prefix-,…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2009-04-14 Janusz Brzozowski , Jeffrey Shallit , Zhi Xu

In this paper, we study the static cell probe complexity of non-adaptive data structures that maintain a subset of $n$ points from a universe consisting of $m=n^{1+\Omega(1)}$ points. A data structure is defined to be non-adaptive when the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-04-19 Giuseppe Persiano , Kevin Yeo