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Probabilistic forecasting of multivariate time series is essential for various downstream tasks. Most existing approaches rely on the sequences being uniformly spaced and aligned across all variables. However, real-world multivariate time…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Yijun Li , Cheuk Hang Leung , Qi Wu

Nonstationary signals are commonly analyzed and processed in the time-frequency (T-F) domain that is obtained by the discrete Gabor transform (DGT). The T-F representation obtained by DGT is spread due to windowing, which may degrade the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-05-10 Tsubasa Kusano , Kohei Yatabe , Yasuhiro Oikawa

The "theoretical limit of time-frequency resolution in Fourier analysis" is thought to originate in certain mathematical and/or physical limitations. This, however, is not true. The actual origin arises from the numerical (technical) method…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-03-28 Fumihiko Ishiyama

This paper is a contribution to the old problem of representing a signal in the coordinates of time and frequency. As the starting point, we abandon Gabor's complex extension and re-evaluate fundamental principles of time-frequency…

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2015-09-28 Steven Sandoval , Phillip L. De Leon

Time series foundation models (TSFMs) promise to be powerful tools for a wide range of applications. However, their internal representations and learned concepts are still not well understood. In this study, we investigate the structure and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Michał Wiliński , Mononito Goswami , Willa Potosnak , Nina Żukowska , Artur Dubrawski

Auxiliary data sources have become increasingly important in epidemiological surveillance, as they are often available at a finer spatial and temporal resolution, larger coverage, and lower latency than traditional surveillance signals. We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-29 Aaron Rumack , Roni Rosenfeld , F. William Townes

We present a new method, Non-Stationary Forward Flux Sampling, that allows efficient simulation of rare events in both stationary and non-stationary stochastic systems. The method uses stochastic branching and pruning to achieve uniform…

Molecular Networks · Quantitative Biology 2015-06-03 Nils B. Becker , Rosalind J. Allen , Pieter Rein ten Wolde

Time series data are prone to noise in various domains, and training samples may contain low-predictability patterns that deviate from the normal data distribution, leading to training instability or convergence to poor local minima.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Xu Zhang , Peng Wang , Yichen Li , Wei Wang

With the growing demand for non-Euclidean data analysis, graph signal processing (GSP) has gained significant attention for its capability to handle complex time-varying data. This paper introduces a novel sampling method based on the joint…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2025-06-03 Yu Zhang , Bing-Zhao Li

This paper is concerned with fast and accurate computation of exterior wave equations truncated via exact circular or spherical nonreflecting boundary conditions (NRBCs, which are known to be nonlocal in both time and space). We first…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2011-09-27 Li-Lian Wang , Bo Wang , Xiaodan Zhao

Time-frequency images (TFIs) provide a joint time-frequency representation of a signal and have become an effective tool for analyzing, characterizing, and processing non-stationary signals. Deep learning (DL) techniques have become…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-02-23 Mehmet Parlak

Self-awareness is the key capability of autonomous systems, e.g., autonomous driving network, which relies on highly efficient time series forecasting algorithm to enable the system to reason about the future state of the environment, as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-18 Minh-Thanh Bui , Duc-Thinh Ngo , Demin Lu , Zonghua Zhang

This paper introduces a couple of new time-frequency transforms, designed to adapt their scale to specific features of the analyzed function. Such an adaptation is implemented via so-called focus functions, which control the window scale as…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2024-06-19 Pierre Warion , Bruno Torrésani

We consider realistic satellite communications systems for broadband and broadcasting applications, based on frequency-division-multiplexed linear modulations, where spectral efficiency is one of the main figures of merit. For these…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2013-01-18 Amina Piemontese , Andrea Modenini , Giulio Colavolpe , Nader Alagha

We propose a novel framework for learning time-varying graphs from spatiotemporal measurements. Given an appropriate prior on the temporal behavior of signals, our proposed method can estimate time-varying graphs from a small number of…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-10 Haruki Yokota , Koki Yamada , Yuichi Tanaka , Antonio Ortega

Many phenomena are described by bivariate signals or bidimensional vectors in applications ranging from radar to EEG, optics and oceanography. The time-frequency analysis of bivariate signals is usually carried out by analyzing two separate…

Methodology · Statistics 2016-09-09 Julien Flamant , Nicolas Le Bihan , Pierre Chainais

High-dimensional time series data poses challenges due to its dynamic nature, varying lengths, and presence of missing values. This kind of data requires extensive preprocessing, limiting the applicability of existing Time Series…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-01 Francesco Spinnato , Riccardo Guidotti , Anna Monreale , Mirco Nanni

Many real-world systems modeled using differential equations involve unknown or uncertain parameters. Standard approaches to address parameter estimation inverse problems in this setting typically focus on estimating constants; yet some…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2024-03-25 Anna Fitzpatrick , Molly Folino , Andrea Arnold

While ubiquitous, textual sources of information such as company reports, social media posts, etc. are hardly included in prediction algorithms for time series, despite the relevant information they may contain. In this work, openly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-10-30 David Obst , Badih Ghattas , Sandra Claudel , Jairo Cugliari , Yannig Goude , Georges Oppenheim

In this paper, we establish a connection between the recently developed data-driven time-frequency analysis \cite{HS11,HS13-1} and the classical second order differential equations. The main idea of the data-driven time-frequency analysis…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2013-12-03 T. Y. Hou , Z. Shi , P. Tavallali