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A key open question in quantum computing is whether quantum algorithms can potentially offer a significant advantage over classical algorithms for tasks of practical interest. Understanding the limits of classical computing in simulating…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-06-23 Matija Medvidovic , Giuseppe Carleo

The connection between certain entangled states and graphs has been heavily studied in the context of measurement-based quantum computation as a tool for understanding entanglement. Here we show that this correspondence can be harnessed in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-03-23 Liming Zhao , Carlos A. Pérez-Delgado , Joseph F. Fitzsimons

Given the extensive application of classical random walks to classical algorithms in a variety of fields, their quantum analogue in quantum walks is expected to provide a fruitful source of quantum algorithms. So far, however, such…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-03-26 B. L. Douglas , J. B. Wang

This paper summarizes a quantum algorithm of [R.D. Somma, et.al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 101, 130504 (2008)] that simulates a classical annealing process for solving discrete optimization problems. The complexity of the quantum algorithm scales…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-12-16 Sergio Boixo , Rolando D. Somma

Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) is a quantum-classical hybrid algorithm proposed with the goal of approximately solving combinatorial optimization problems such as the MAX-CUT problem. It has been considered a potential…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-26 Eunok Bae , Hyukjoon Kwon , V Vijendran , Soojoon Lee

In the oracle identification problem, we are given oracle access to an unknown N-bit string x promised to belong to a known set C of size M and our task is to identify x. We present a quantum algorithm for the problem that is optimal in its…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-04-24 Robin Kothari

The Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) has been one of the leading candidates for near-term quantum advantage in gate-model quantum computers. From its inception, this algorithm has sparked the desire for comparison between…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-12-08 Colin Campbell , Edward Dahl

The graph isomorphism problem asks whether two graphs are identical up to vertex relabeling. While the exact problem admits quasi-polynomial-time classical algorithms, many applications in molecular comparison, noisy network analysis, and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-31 Prateek P. Kulkarni

The Maximum Matching problem has a quantum query complexity lower bound of $\Omega(n^{3/2})$ for graphs on $n$ vertices represented by an adjacency matrix. The current best quantum algorithm has the query complexity $O(n^{7/4})$, which is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-31 Alcides Gomes Andrade Júnior , Akira Matsubayashi

Given an undirected, unweighted graph with $n$ vertices and $m$ edges, the maximum cut problem is to find a partition of the $n$ vertices into disjoint subsets $V_1$ and $V_2$ such that the number of edges between them is as large as…

The Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm can be applied to search problems on graphs with a cost function that is a sum of terms corresponding to the edges. When conjugating an edge term, the QAOA unitary at depth p produces an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-05-19 Edward Farhi , David Gamarnik , Sam Gutmann

We prove lower bounds on complexity measures, such as the approximate degree of a Boolean function and the approximate rank of a Boolean matrix, using quantum arguments. We prove these lower bounds using a quantum query algorithm for the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-07-18 Shalev Ben-David , Adam Bouland , Ankit Garg , Robin Kothari

The quantum approximate optimisation ansatz (QAOA) is one of the flagship algorithms used to tackle combinatorial optimisation on graphs problems using a quantum computer, and is considered a strong candidate for early fault-tolerant…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-24 Yann Beaujeault-Taudière

We study quantum algorithms working on classical probability distributions. We formulate four different models for accessing a classical probability distribution on a quantum computer, which are derived from previous work on the topic, and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-04-05 Aleksandrs Belovs

A promising approach to the practical application of the Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) is finding QAOA parameters classically in simulation and sampling the solutions from QAOA with optimized parameters on a quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-10-29 Ruslan Shaydulin , Stefan M. Wild

The quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) is a hybrid variational quantum-classical algorithm that solves combinatorial optimization problems. While there is evidence suggesting that the fixed form of the standard QAOA ansatz is…

We are presented with a graph, $G$, on $n$ vertices with $m$ edges whose edge set is unknown. Our goal is to learn the edges of $G$ with as few queries to an oracle as possible. When we submit a set $S$ of vertices to the oracle, it tells…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-01 Asaf Ferber , Liam Hardiman

Properties of Boolean functions can often be tested much faster than the functions can be learned. However, this advantage usually disappears when testers are limited to random samples of a function $f$--a natural setting for data…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-28 Matthias C. Caro , Preksha Naik , Joseph Slote

The Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) is a powerful tool in solving various combinatorial problems such as Maximum Satisfiability and Maximum Cut. Hard computational problems, however, require deep circuits that place high…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-28 Malick A. Gaye , Omar Shehab , Paraj Titum , Gregory Quiroz

We study the quantum query complexity of the Boolean hidden shift problem. Given oracle access to f(x+s) for a known Boolean function f, the task is to determine the n-bit string s. The quantum query complexity of this problem depends…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-11-28 Andrew M. Childs , Robin Kothari , Maris Ozols , Martin Roetteler