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We investigate the computational complexity of separating two distinct vertices s and z by vertex deletion in a temporal graph. In a temporal graph, the vertex set is fixed but the edges have (discrete) time labels. Since the corresponding…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2020-10-12 Till Fluschnik , Hendrik Molter , Rolf Niedermeier , Malte Renken , Philipp Zschoche

We introduce temporal flows on temporal networks, i.e., networks the links of which exist only at certain moments of time. Such networks are ephemeral in the sense that no link exists after some time. Our flow model is new and differs from…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-01-23 Eleni C. Akrida , Jurek Czyzowicz , Leszek Gasieniec , Lukasz Kuszner , Paul G. Spirakis

Let $G = (V, E)$ be a connected graph, and let $T$ in $V$ be a subset of vertices. An orientation of $G$ is called $T$-odd if any vertex $v \in V$ has odd in-degree if and only if it is in $T$. Finding a T -odd orientation of G can be…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Sylvain Gravier , Matthieu Petiteau , Isabelle Sivignon

Modeling evolving interactions among entities is critical in many real-world tasks. For example, predicting driver maneuvers in traffic requires tracking how neighboring vehicles accelerate, brake, and change lanes relative to one another…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Osama Mohammed , Jiaxin Pan , Mojtaba Nayyeri , Daniel Hernández , Steffen Staab

Measuring the topological overlap of two graphs becomes important when assessing the changes between temporally adjacent graphs in a time-evolving network. Current methods depend on the fraction of nodes that have persisting edges. This…

Physics and Society · Physics 2014-03-06 Fiona Pigott , Mauricio Rene Herrera Marin

Connectivity in temporal graphs relies on the notion of temporal paths, in which edges follow a chronological order (either strict or non-strict). In this work, we investigate the question of how to make a temporal graph connected. More…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2025-02-21 T. Bellitto , J. Bouton Popper , B. Escoffier

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have become the leading paradigm for learning on (static) graph-structured data. However, many real-world systems are dynamic in nature, since the graph and node/edge attributes change over time. In recent…

In recent years, a growing number of method and application works have adapted and applied the causal-graphical-model framework to time series data. Many of these works employ time-resolved causal graphs that extend infinitely into the past…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-10-10 Andreas Gerhardus , Jonas Wahl , Sofia Faltenbacher , Urmi Ninad , Jakob Runge

Time-varying graph signals are alternative representation of multivariate (or multichannel) signals in which a single time-series is associated with each of the nodes or vertex of a graph. Aided by the graph-theoretic tools, time-varying…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-01-10 Naveed ur Rehman

Temporal graphs are structures which model relational data between entities that change over time. Due to the complex structure of data, mining statistically significant temporal subgraphs, also known as temporal motifs, is a challenging…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2021-10-05 Antonio Longa , Giulia Cencetti , Bruno Lepri , Andrea Passerini

Despite the enormous success of graph neural networks (GNNs), most existing GNNs can only be applicable to undirected graphs where relationships among connected nodes are two-way symmetric (i.e., information can be passed back and forth).…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-15 Zhuo Tan , Bin Liu , Guosheng Yin

There is a broad class of networks which connect inputs to outputs. We provide a strong theoretical foundation for crossover across this class and connect it to informativeness, a measure of the connectedness of inputs to outputs. We define…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Andreas Duus Pape , J. David Schaffer , Hiroki Sayama , Christopher Zosh

This paper aims to unify spatial dependency and temporal dependency in a non-Euclidean space while capturing the inner spatial-temporal dependencies for traffic data. For spatial-temporal attribute entities with topological structure, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-28 Zonghan Wu , Da Zheng , Shirui Pan , Quan Gan , Guodong Long , George Karypis

Temporal Graph Neural Network (TGNN) has been receiving a lot of attention recently due to its capability in modeling time-evolving graph-related tasks. Similar to Graph Neural Networks, it is also non-trivial to interpret predictions made…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-05 Minh N. Vu , My T. Thai

A prominent paradigm for graph neural networks is based on the message-passing framework. In this framework, information communication is realized only between neighboring nodes. The challenge of approaches that use this paradigm is to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-18 Maysam Behmanesh , Maximilian Krahn , Maks Ovsjanikov

Temporal graphs represent the dynamic relationships among entities and occur in many real life application like social networks, e commerce, communication, road networks, biological systems, and many more. They necessitate research beyond…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-26 Shubham Gupta , Srikanta Bedathur

Many real-world systems can be expressed in temporal networks with nodes playing far different roles in structure and function and edges representing the relationships between nodes. Identifying critical nodes can help us control the spread…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2021-07-07 En-Yu Yu , Yan Fu , Jun-Lin Zhou , Hong-Liang Sun , Duan-Bing Chen

Understanding the evolutionary patterns of real-world evolving complex systems such as human interactions, transport networks, biological interactions, and computer networks has important implications in our daily lives. Predicting future…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-19 Khushnood Abbas , Alireza Abbasi , Dong Shi , Niu Ling , Mingsheng Shang , Chen Liong , Bolun Chen

Compared with static knowledge graphs, temporal knowledge graphs (tKG), which can capture the evolution and change of information over time, are more realistic and general. However, due to the complexity that the notion of time introduces…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-07 Siheng Xiong , Yuan Yang , Faramarz Fekri , James Clayton Kerce

Temporal Graph Neural Networks, a new and trending area of machine learning, suffers from a lack of formal analysis. In this paper, information theory is used as the primary tool to provide a framework for the analysis of temporal GNNs. For…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Amirmohammad Farzaneh