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The stochastic gradient descent (SGD) method is a widely used approach for solving stochastic optimization problems, but its convergence is typically slow. Existing variance reduction techniques, such as SAGA, improve convergence by…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-11-21 Fabio Nobile , Matteo Raviola , Nathan Schaeffer

In this paper, we study the convergence properties of the Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) method for finding a stationary point of a given objective function $J(\cdot)$. The objective function is not required to be convex. Rather, our…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-09-24 Rajeeva L. Karandikar , M. Vidyasagar

Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) is one of the simplest and most popular stochastic optimization methods. While it has already been theoretically studied for decades, the classical analysis usually required non-trivial smoothness…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2013-01-01 Ohad Shamir , Tong Zhang

Gradient descent (GD) is known to converge quickly for convex objective functions, but it can be trapped at local minima. On the other hand, Langevin dynamics (LD) can explore the state space and find global minima, but in order to give…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-06-17 Jing Dong , Xin T. Tong

Loss functions with non-isolated minima have emerged in several machine learning problems, creating a gap between theory and practice. In this paper, we formulate a new type of local convexity condition that is suitable to describe the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-31 Taehee Ko , Xiantao Li

We establish generalization error bounds for stochastic gradient Langevin dynamics (SGLD) with constant learning rate under the assumptions of dissipativity and smoothness, a setting that has received increased attention in the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-11-29 Tyler Farghly , Patrick Rebeschini

In machine learning, stochastic gradient descent (SGD) is widely deployed to train models using highly non-convex objectives with equally complex noise models. Unfortunately, SGD theory often makes restrictive assumptions that fail to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-11 Vivak Patel , Shushu Zhang , Bowen Tian

Stochastic gradient descent (SGD), which dates back to the 1950s, is one of the most popular and effective approaches for performing stochastic optimization. Research on SGD resurged recently in machine learning for optimizing convex loss…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-24 Jie Chen , Ronny Luss

Recently, generalization bounds of the non-convex empirical risk minimization paradigm using Stochastic Gradient Langevin Dynamics (SGLD) have been extensively studied. Several theoretical frameworks have been presented to study this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-17 Bingzhe Wu , Zhicong Liang , Yatao Bian , ChaoChao Chen , Junzhou Huang , Yuan Yao

In this paper, we consider nonconvex minimax optimization, which is gaining prominence in many modern machine learning applications such as GANs. Large-scale edge-based collection of training data in these applications calls for…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-03-10 Pranay Sharma , Rohan Panda , Gauri Joshi , Pramod K. Varshney

In this paper, we are concerned with a non-asymptotic analysis of sampling algorithms used in nonconvex optimization. In particular, we obtain non-asymptotic estimates in Wasserstein-1 and Wasserstein-2 distances for a popular class of…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-10-17 Ying Zhang , Ömer Deniz Akyildiz , Theodoros Damoulas , Sotirios Sabanis

We introduce a novel and efficient algorithm called the stochastic approximate gradient descent (SAGD), as an alternative to the stochastic gradient descent for cases where unbiased stochastic gradients cannot be trivially obtained.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-14 Yixuan Qiu , Xiao Wang

Stochastic gradient descent with momentum (SGDM) methods have become fundamental optimization tools in machine learning, combining the computational efficiency of stochastic gradients with the acceleration benefits of momentum. Despite…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-03-02 Zimeng Wang , Alp Yurtsever

Noisy particle gradient descent (NPGD) is an algorithm to minimize convex functions over the space of measures that include an entropy term. In the many-particle limit, this algorithm is described by a Mean-Field Langevin dynamics - a…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-08-12 Lénaïc Chizat

Langevin algorithms are gradient descent methods with additive noise. They have been used for decades in Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) sampling, optimization, and learning. Their convergence properties for unconstrained non-convex…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-23 Andrew Lamperski

Training neural networks requires optimizing a loss function that may be highly irregular, and in particular neither convex nor smooth. Popular training algorithms are based on stochastic gradient descent with momentum (SGDM), for which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Qinzi Zhang , Ashok Cutkosky

Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) is widely used in machine learning. Although being commonly viewed as a fast but not accurate version of gradient descent (GD), it always finds better solutions than GD for modern neural networks. In order…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-08-17 Robert Kleinberg , Yuanzhi Li , Yang Yuan

Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) is a popular and efficient method with wide applications in training deep neural nets and other nonconvex models. While the behavior of SGD is well understood in the convex learning setting, the existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-16 Yunwen Lei , Ting Hu , Guiying Li , Ke Tang

In this paper, we study decentralized online stochastic non-convex optimization over a network of nodes. Integrating a technique called gradient tracking in decentralized stochastic gradient descent, we show that the resulting algorithm,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-04-21 Ran Xin , Usman A. Khan , Soummya Kar

Stochastic variance reduced gradient (SVRG) is a popular variance reduction technique for accelerating stochastic gradient descent (SGD). We provide a first analysis of the method for solving a class of linear inverse problems in the lens…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-01-19 Bangti Jin , Zehui Zhou , Jun Zou