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Related papers: Explaining Neural Scaling Laws

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Scaling laws in deep learning -- empirical power-law relationships linking model performance to resource growth -- have emerged as simple yet striking regularities across architectures, datasets, and tasks. These laws are particularly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Francesco D'Amico , Dario Bocchi , Matteo Negri

Scaling limits, such as infinite-width limits, serve as promising theoretical tools to study large-scale models. However, it is widely believed that existing infinite-width theory does not faithfully explain the behavior of practical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Moritz Haas , Sebastian Bordt , Ulrike von Luxburg , Leena Chennuru Vankadara

Running faster will only get you so far -- it is generally advisable to first understand where the roads lead, then get a car ... The renaissance of machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) over the last decade is accompanied by an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-18 Jonathan S. Rosenfeld

In machine learning, the scaling law describes how the model performance improves with the model and data size scaling up. From a learning theory perspective, this class of results establishes upper and lower generalization bounds for a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-14 Shihong Ding , Haihan Zhang , Hanzhen Zhao , Cong Fang

Scaling laws offer valuable insights into the relationship between neural network performance and computational cost, yet their underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. In this work, we empirically analyze how neural networks behave…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Konstantin Nikolaou , Sven Krippendorf , Samuel Tovey , Christian Holm

Widely observed neural scaling laws, in which error falls off as a power of the training set size, model size, or both, have driven substantial performance improvements in deep learning. However, these improvements through scaling alone…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-25 Ben Sorscher , Robert Geirhos , Shashank Shekhar , Surya Ganguli , Ari S. Morcos

Neural scaling laws play a pivotal role in the performance of deep neural networks and have been observed in a wide range of tasks. However, a complete theoretical framework for understanding these scaling laws remains underdeveloped. In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Hao Liu , Zecheng Zhang , Wenjing Liao , Hayden Schaeffer

Deep graph models (e.g., graph neural networks and graph transformers) have become important techniques for leveraging knowledge across various types of graphs. Yet, the neural scaling laws on graphs, i.e., how the performance of deep graph…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Jingzhe Liu , Haitao Mao , Zhikai Chen , Tong Zhao , Neil Shah , Jiliang Tang

Neural scaling laws and double-descent phenomena suggest that deep-network training obeys a simple macroscopic structure despite highly nonlinear optimization dynamics. We derive such structure directly from gradient descent in function…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Yizhou Zhang

Neural scaling laws -- power-law relationships between loss, model size, and data -- have been extensively documented for language and vision transformers, yet their existence in single-cell genomics remains largely unexplored. We present…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-18 Ihor Kendiukhov

Neural scaling laws define a predictable relationship between a model's parameter count and its performance after training in the form of a power law. However, most research to date has not explicitly investigated whether scaling laws can…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-19 Maor Ivgi , Yair Carmon , Jonathan Berant

This paper explores the intricate behavior of deep neural networks (DNNs) through the lens of neuron activation dynamics. We propose a probabilistic framework that can analyze models' neuron activation patterns as a stochastic process,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-25 Yizhou Zhang , Yang Sui

Scaling laws have played a major role in the modern AI revolution, providing practitioners predictive power over how the model performance will improve with increasing data, compute, and number of model parameters. This has spurred an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-16 Maissam Barkeshli , Alberto Alfarano , Andrey Gromov

Deep learning (DL) creates impactful advances following a virtuous recipe: model architecture search, creating large training data sets, and scaling computation. It is widely believed that growing training sets and models should improve…

The success of today's large language models (LLMs) depends on the observation that larger models perform better. However, the origin of this neural scaling law, that loss decreases as a power law with model size, remains unclear. We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Yizhou Liu , Ziming Liu , Jeff Gore

Scaling law that rewards large datasets, complex models and enhanced data granularity has been observed in various fields of deep learning. Yet, studies on time series forecasting have cast doubt on scaling behaviors of deep learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-13 Jingzhe Shi , Qinwei Ma , Huan Ma , Lei Li

While scaling laws for large language models (LLMs) during pre-training have been extensively studied, their behavior under reinforcement learning (RL) post-training remains largely unexplored. This paper presents a systematic empirical…

Recently, Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success. A key factor behind this success is the scaling law observed by OpenAI. Specifically, for models with Transformer architecture, the test loss exhibits a power-law…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Yifang Chen , Xuyang Guo , Xiaoyu Li , Yingyu Liang , Zhenmei Shi , Zhao Song

There is a recent trend in machine learning to increase model quality by growing models to sizes previously thought to be unreasonable. Recent work has shown that autoregressive generative models with cross-entropy objective functions…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-06-18 Jasha Droppo , Oguz Elibol

We present a smoothly broken power law functional form (that we refer to as a Broken Neural Scaling Law (BNSL)) that accurately models & extrapolates the scaling behaviors of deep neural networks (i.e. how the evaluation metric of interest…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-25 Ethan Caballero , Kshitij Gupta , Irina Rish , David Krueger