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The solar atmosphere shows anomalous variation in temperature, starting from the 5500 K photosphere to the million-degree Kelvin corona. The corona itself expands into the interstellar medium as the free streaming solar wind, which…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2023-04-05 Vishal Upendran

State-of-the-art MHD calculations reveal acceptable agreement with observational data for the height profile of the temperature $T(h)$ in the transition region of solar corona. Simultaneously, the velocity of the solar wind $U(h)$ has also…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2020-07-29 A. M. Varonov

Coronal waves are large-scale disturbances often driven by coronal mass ejections (CMEs). We investigate a spectacular wave event on 7 March 2012, which is associated with an X5.4 flare (SOL2012-03-07). By using a running center-median…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2020-11-04 Li Feng , Lei Lu , Bernd Inhester , Joseph Plowman , Beili Ying , Marilena Mierla , Matthew J. West , Weiqun Gan

Data from the Voyager probes and the Interstellar Boundary Explorer have revealed the importance of pick-up ions (PUIs) in understanding the character and behavior of the outer heliosphere, the region of interaction between the solar wind…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2012-11-09 Christina Prested , Merav Opher , Gabor Toth

This paper is dedicated to the new implicit unstructured coronal code COCONUT, which aims at providing fast and accurate inputs for space weather forecast as an alternative to empirical models. We use all 20 available magnetic maps of the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2023-02-08 Barbara Perri , Blazej Kuzma , Michaela Brchnelova , Tinatin Baratashvili , Fan Zhang , Peter Leitner , Andrea Lani , Stefaan Poedts

We describe, analyze and validate the recently developed Alfv\'en Wave Solar Model (AWSoM), a 3D global model starting from the top of the chromosphere and extending into interplanetary space (up to 1-2 AU). This model solves the extended…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2014-01-06 R. Oran , B. van der Holst , E. Landi , M. Jin , I. V. Sokolov , T. I. Gombosi

The most violent space weather events (eruptive solar flares and coronal mass ejections) are driven by the release of free magnetic energy stored in the solar corona. Energy can build up on timescales of hours to days, and then may be…

Decades of in-situ solar wind measurements have clearly established the variation of solar wind physical parameters. These variable parameters have been used to classify the solar wind magnetized plasma into different types leading to…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-09-17 Tom Narock , Sanchita Pal , Aryana Arsham , Ayris Narock , Teresa Nieves-Chinchilla

The shape of the electron velocity distribution function plays an important role in the dynamics of the solar wind acceleration. Electrons are normally modelled with three components, the core, the halo, and the strahl. We investigate how…

We present an ab initio approach to the solar coronal heating problem by modelling a small part of the solar corona in a computational box using a 3D MHD code including realistic physics. The observed solar granular velocity pattern and its…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 B. V. Gudiksen , Å. Nordlund

This paper reviews the current state of our understanding of high-speed solar wind acceleration in coronal holes. Observations by SOHO, coupled with interplanetary particle measurements going back several decades, have put strong…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Steven R. Cranmer

Coronal seismology is a diagnostic tool used in solar physics for measuring parameters that are otherwise hard to measure; of these parameters, magnetic field values are arguably the most important. The parameters are inferred by combining…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2018-04-17 N. Magyar , T. Van Doorsselaere

The propagation of disturbances in the solar atmosphere is inherently three dimensional (3D), yet comprehensive studies on the spatial structure and dynamics of 3D wavefronts are scarce. Here we conduct high resolution 3D numerical…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-12-19 Jialiang Hu , Jing Ye , Yuhao Chen , Zhixing Mei , Shanshan Xu , Jun Lin

We present a model for the intensity of optically thin EUV emission for a plasma atmosphere. We apply our model to the solar corona as observed using the six optically thin EUV channels of the SDO/AIA instrument. The emissivity of the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2020-03-31 D. J. Pascoe , A. Smyrli , T. Van Doorsselaere

We study extreme-ultraviolet emission line spectra derived from three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic models of structures in the corona. In order to investigate the effects of increased magnetic activity at photospheric levels in a…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2009-04-16 Pia Zacharias , Sven Bingert , Hardi Peter

The physical processes in the solar corona that shape the solar wind remain an active research topic. Modeling efforts have shown that energy and plasma exchanges near the transition region plays a crucial role in modulating solar wind…

Estimating the magnetic field strength in the solar corona is crucial for understanding different physical processes happening over diverse spatio-temporal scales. However, the high temperatures and low density of the solar corona make this…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-03-07 Upasna Baweja , Vaibhav Pant , Iñigo Arregui

By comparing a magneto-frictional model of the low coronal magnetic field to a potential-field source-surface model, we investigate the possible impact of non-potential magnetic structure on empirical solar-wind models. These empirical…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-12-09 S. J. Edwards , A. R. Yeates , F. -X. Bocquet , D. H. Mackay

Coronal extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) waves are large-scale disturbances propagating in the corona, whose physical nature and origin have been discussed for decades. We report the first three dimensional (3D) radiative magneto-hydrodynamic…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2021-04-21 Can Wang , Feng Chen , Mingde Ding