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Large Language Models (LLMs) trained with reinforcement learning and verifiable rewards have achieved strong results on complex reasoning tasks. Recent work extends this paradigm to a multi-agent setting, where a meta-thinking agent…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Zhiwei Zhang , Xiaomin Li , Yudi Lin , Hui Liu , Ramraj Chandradevan , Linlin Wu , Minhua Lin , Fali Wang , Xianfeng Tang , Qi He , Suhang Wang

Strategy Logic (SL) is a very expressive logic for specifying and verifying properties of multi-agent systems: in SL, one can quantify over strategies, assign them to agents, and express properties of the resulting plays. Such a powerful…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2017-08-22 Patrick Gardy , Patricia Bouyer , Nicolas Markey

This paper analyzes a dynamic interaction between a fully rational, privately informed sender and a boundedly rational, uninformed receiver with memory constraints. The sender controls the flow of information, while the receiver designs a…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2025-11-12 Qingmin Liu , Yuyang Miao

Coalition Logic is an important logic in logical research on strategic reasoning. In two recent papers, Li and Ju argued that generally, concurrent game models, models of Coalition Logic, have three too strong assumptions: seriality,…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Zixuan Chen , Fengkui Ju

We study the underlying mathematical properties of various partial order models of concurrency based on transition systems, Petri nets, and event structures, and show that the concurrent behaviour of these systems can be captured in a…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2010-11-05 Julian Gutierrez

Synthesis is the automated construction of a system from its specification. The system has to satisfy its specification in all possible environments. Modern systems often interact with other systems, or agents. Many times these agents have…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2009-07-20 Dana Fisman , Orna Kupferman , Yoad Lustig

Strategy Logic (SL) is a logical formalism for strategic reasoning in multi-agent systems. Its main feature is that it has variables for strategies that are associated to specific agents with a binding operator. We introduce Graded Strategy…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2016-07-13 Benjamin Aminof , Vadim Malvone , Aniello Murano , Sasha Rubin

Reinforcement learning (RL) is a powerful technique for training intelligent agents, but understanding why these agents make specific decisions can be quite challenging. This lack of transparency in RL models has been a long-standing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Wenhao Lu , Xufeng Zhao , Thilo Fryen , Jae Hee Lee , Mengdi Li , Sven Magg , Stefan Wermter

Modeling the purposeful behavior of imperfect agents from a small number of observations is a challenging task. When restricted to the single-agent decision-theoretic setting, inverse optimal control techniques assume that observed behavior…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2013-08-19 Kevin Waugh , Brian D. Ziebart , J. Andrew Bagnell

Reasoning in a complex and ambiguous environment is a key goal for Reinforcement Learning (RL) agents. While some sophisticated RL agents can successfully solve difficult tasks, they require a large amount of training data and often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-03 Ishita Dasgupta , Christine Kaeser-Chen , Kenneth Marino , Arun Ahuja , Sheila Babayan , Felix Hill , Rob Fergus

Selection of input features such as relevant pieces of text has become a common technique of highlighting how complex neural predictors operate. The selection can be optimized post-hoc for trained models or incorporated directly into the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-29 Shiyu Chang , Yang Zhang , Mo Yu , Tommi S. Jaakkola

Maybe an event can't be modeled completely through on game but there is more chance with several games. With emphasis on players' rationality, we present new properties of strategic games, which result in production of other games. Here, a…

Physics and Society · Physics 2018-01-18 Madjid Eshaghi Gordji , Gholamreza Askari

We study bisimulations for useful description logics. The simplest among the considered logics is $\mathcal{ALC}_{reg}$ (a variant of PDL). The others extend that logic with inverse roles, nominals, quantified number restrictions, the…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2015-02-20 Ali Rezaei Divroodi , Linh Anh Nguyen

Strategy Logic (SL, for short) has been introduced by Mogavero, Murano, and Vardi as a useful formalism for reasoning explicitly about strategies, as first-order objects, in multi-agent concurrent games. This logic turns out to be very…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2019-03-14 Fabio Mogavero , Aniello Murano , Giuseppe Perelli , Moshe Y. Vardi

It is common to make a distinction between "strategic" behavior and other forms of intentional but "nonstrategic" behavior: typically, that strategic agents model other agents while nonstrategic agents do not. However, a crisp boundary…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-02-12 James R. Wright , Kevin Leyton-Brown

Quite some work in the ATL-tradition uses the differences between various types of strategies (positional, uniform, perfect recall) to give alternative semantics to the same logical language. This paper contributes to another perspective on…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2016-07-13 Hein Duijf , Jan Broersen

This work discusses how to build more rational language and multimodal agents and what criteria define rationality in intelligent systems. Rationality is the quality of being guided by reason, characterized by decision-making that aligns…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Bowen Jiang , Yangxinyu Xie , Xiaomeng Wang , Yuan Yuan , Zhuoqun Hao , Xinyi Bai , Weijie J. Su , Camillo J. Taylor , Tanwi Mallick

An important task in the analysis of multiagent systems is to understand how groups of selfish players can form coalitions, i.e., work together in teams. In this paper, we study the dynamics of coalition formation under bounded rationality.…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2011-03-03 John Augustine , Ning Chen , Edith Elkind , Angelo Fanelli , Nick Gravin , Dmitry Shiryaev

Reinforcement learning (RL) is a powerful tool for solving complex decision-making problems, but its lack of transparency and interpretability has been a major challenge in domains where decisions have significant real-world consequences.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-09-12 Muzhe Guo , Feixu Yu , Tian Lan , Fang Jin

We study conflict situations that dynamically arise in traffic scenarios, where different agents try to achieve their set of goals and have to decide on what to do based on their local perception. We distinguish several types of conflicts…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2019-11-19 Werner Damm , Martin Fränzle , Willem Hagemann , Paul Kröger , Astrid Rakow