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Masked time series modeling has recently gained much attention as a self-supervised representation learning strategy for time series. Inspired by masked image modeling in computer vision, recent works first patchify and partially mask out…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-03 Seunghan Lee , Taeyoung Park , Kibok Lee

As AI systems grow more capable, it becomes increasingly important that their decisions remain understandable and aligned with human expectations. A key challenge is the limited interpretability of deep models. Post-hoc methods like GradCAM…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Mahdi Alehdaghi , Rajarshi Bhattacharya , Pourya Shamsolmoali , Rafael M. O. Cruz , Maguelonne Heritier , Eric Granger

Explaining deep learning models operating on time series data is crucial in various applications of interest which require interpretable and transparent insights from time series signals. In this work, we investigate this problem from an…

Complex networks are an important paradigm of modern complex systems sciences which allows quantitatively assessing the structural properties of systems composed of different interacting entities. During the last years, intensive efforts…

Decision explanations of machine learning black-box models are often generated by applying Explainable AI (XAI) techniques. However, many proposed XAI methods produce unverified outputs. Evaluation and verification are usually achieved with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-09 Udo Schlegel , Daniela Oelke , Daniel A. Keim , Mennatallah El-Assady

Deep neural networks have been widely used in text classification. However, it is hard to interpret the neural models due to the complicate mechanisms. In this work, we study the interpretability of a variant of the typical text…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-10-25 Hao Cheng , Xiaoqing Yang , Zang Li , Yanghua Xiao , Yucheng Lin

Real-world time series often exhibit complex interdependencies that cannot be captured in isolation. Global models that model past data from multiple related time series globally while producing series-specific forecasts locally are now…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-14 Abishek Sriramulu , Christoph Bergmeir , Slawek Smyl

The training process of neural networks is known to be time-consuming, and having a deep architecture only aggravates the issue. This process consists mostly of matrix operations, among which matrix multiplication is the bottleneck. Several…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Sana Ebrahimi , Rishi Advani , Abolfazl Asudeh

Numerous deep learning architectures have been developed to accommodate the diversity of time series datasets across different domains. In this article, we survey common encoder and decoder designs used in both one-step-ahead and…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-04-28 Bryan Lim , Stefan Zohren

This paper presents a novel framework for demystification of convolutional deep learning models for time-series analysis. This is a step towards making informed/explainable decisions in the domain of time-series, powered by deep learning.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-05-06 Shoaib Ahmed Siddiqui , Dominik Mercier , Mohsin Munir , Andreas Dengel , Sheraz Ahmed

In this paper, we consider the problem of event classification with multi-variate time series data consisting of heterogeneous (continuous and categorical) variables. The complex temporal dependencies between the variables combined with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-12-06 Shengdong Zhang , Soheil Bahrampour , Naveen Ramakrishnan , Mohak Shah

With the rise in the employment of deep learning methods in safety-critical scenarios, interpretability is more essential than ever before. Although many different directions regarding interpretability have been explored for visual…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-08 Shoaib Ahmed Siddiqui , Dominique Mercier , Andreas Dengel , Sheraz Ahmed

Deep neural networks are a family of computational models that have led to a dramatical improvement of the state of the art in several domains such as image, voice or text analysis. These methods provide a framework to model complex,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-02-12 Louis Falissard , Guy Fagherazzi , Newton Howard , Bruno Falissard

This paper addresses a multi-label predictive fault classification problem for multidimensional time-series data. While fault (event) detection problems have been thoroughly studied in literature, most of the state-of-the-art techniques…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-29 Wenyu Zhang , Devesh K. Jha , Emil Laftchiev , Daniel Nikovski

In the context of classification problems, Deep Learning (DL) approaches represent state of art. Many DL approaches are based on variations of standard multi-layer feed-forward neural networks. These are also referred to as deep networks.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-21 Andrea Apicella , Francesco Isgrò , Roberto Prevete

Deep neural networks have been well-known for their superb handling of various machine learning and artificial intelligence tasks. However, due to their over-parameterized black-box nature, it is often difficult to understand the prediction…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-18 Xuhong Li , Haoyi Xiong , Xingjian Li , Xuanyu Wu , Xiao Zhang , Ji Liu , Jiang Bian , Dejing Dou

In high-stakes domains, such as healthcare and industry, the explainability of AI-based decision-making has become crucial. Without insight into model reasoning, the reliability of these models cannot be ensured. Applications often rely on…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Annemarie Jutte , Faizan Ahmed , Jeroen Linssen , Maurice van Keulen

In this work, we introduce metrics to evaluate the use of simplified time series in the context of interpretability of a TSC -- a Time Series Classifier. Such simplifications are important because time series data, in contrast to text and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Brigt Håvardstun , Felix Marti-Perez , Cèsar Ferri , Jan Arne Telle

Irregular sampling occurs in many time series modeling applications where it presents a significant challenge to standard deep learning models. This work is motivated by the analysis of physiological time series data in electronic health…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-08 Satya Narayan Shukla , Benjamin M. Marlin

Times series classification can be successfully tackled by jointly learning a shapelet-based representation of the series in the dataset and classifying the series according to this representation. However, although the learned shapelets…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-13 Yichang Wang , Rémi Emonet , Elisa Fromont , Simon Malinowski , Etienne Menager , Loïc Mosser , Romain Tavenard