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The bond-disordered Kitaev model attracts much attention due to the experimental relevance in $\alpha$-RuCl$_3$ and $A_3$LiIr$_2$O$_6$ ($A=$ H, D, Ag, $\textit{etc.}$). Applying a magnetic field to break the time-reversal symmetry leads to…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2020-11-09 Masahiko G. Yamada

Effects of bond randomness and site dilution are systematically investigated for the Kitaev model describing a quantum spin liquid with fractional excitations of itinerant Majorana fermions and localized fluxes. We find that, in the…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2020-09-02 Joji Nasu , Yukitoshi Motome

The excitations in the Kitaev spin liquid (KSL) can be described by Majorana fermions, which have characteristic field dependence of bulk gap and topological edge modes. In the high-field state of layered honeycomb magnet $\alpha$-RuCl$_3$,…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2024-03-13 K. Imamura , Y. Mizukami , O. Tanaka , R. Grasset , M. Konczykowski , N. Kurita , H. Tanaka , Y. Matsuda , M. G. Yamada , K. Hashimoto , T. Shibauchi

The Kitaev honeycomb model provides a paradigmatic example of an exactly solvable quantum spin liquid (QSL), in which the spin degrees of freedom fractionalize into itinerant Majorana fermions coupled to a static background of…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2024-06-28 Vitor Dantas , Wen-Han Kao , Natalia B. Perkins

We investigate the impact of two types of disorder, bond randomness and site dilution, on the spin dynamics in the Kitaev model on a honeycomb lattice. The ground state of this model is a canonical quantum spin liquid with spin…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2021-07-14 Joji Nasu , Yukitoshi Motome

Topological states of matter such as quantum spin liquids (QSLs) are of great interest because of their remarkable predicted properties including protection of quantum information and the emergence of Majorana fermions. Such QSLs, however,…

The exactly-solvable Kitaev model of two-dimensional honeycomb magnet leads to a quantum spin liquid (QSL) characterized by Majorana fermions, relevant for fault-tolerant topological quantum computations. In the high-field paramagnetic…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2022-09-13 O. Tanaka , Y. Mizukami , R. Harasawa , K. Hashimoto , K. Hwang , N. Kurita , H. Tanaka , S. Fujimoto , Y. Matsuda , E. -G. Moon , T. Shibauchi

Quantum spin liquids (QSLs) host a variety of fractionalized particles. In Kitaev's paradigmatic honeycomb model a spin-$\tfrac{1}{2}$ fractionalizes into $Z_2$ flux due to emergent $Z_2$ gauge field and matter Majorana fermions. Although…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2026-01-22 Shi Feng , Nandini Trivedi

The Kitaev model offers a platform for quantum spin liquids (QSLs) with fractional excitations, itinerant Majorana fermions and localized fluxes. Since these fractional excitations could be utilized for quantum computing, how to create,…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2023-09-19 Takahiro Misawa , Joji Nasu , Yukitoshi Motome

The 5d-electron honeycomb compound H$_3$LiIr$_2$O$_3$ [K. Kitagawa $et$ $al.$, Nature 554, 341-345 (2018)] exhibits an apparent quantum spin liquid (QSL) state. In this intercalated spin-orbital compound, a remarkable pile up of low-energy…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2019-02-07 Johannes Knolle , Roderich Moessner , Natalia B. Perkins

The Kitaev model belongs to an unconventional class of two-dimensional spin systems characterized by anisotropic, bond-dependent interactions that give rise to Quantum Spin Liquid (QSL) states. These exotic phases, marked by the absence of…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2026-01-29 A. R. Moura , L. V. Santos

Quantum spin liquids (QSLs) represent exotic states of matter where quantum spins interact strongly yet evade long-range magnetic order down to absolute zero. Characterized by non-local quantum entanglement and resultant fractionalized…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2025-12-05 Yuji Matsuda , Takasada Shibauchi , Hae-Young Kee

Traditional magnetic sub-Kelvin cooling relies on the nearly free local moments in hydrate paramagnetic salts, whose utility is hampered by the dilute magnetic ions and low thermal conductivity. Here we propose to use instead fractional…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2024-08-06 Han Li , Enze Lv , Ning Xi , Yuan Gao , Yang Qi , Wei Li , Gang Su

The Kitaev honeycomb model has attracted significant attention due to its exactly solvable spin-liquid ground state with fractionalized Majorana excitations and its possible materialization in magnetic Mott insulators with strong spin-orbit…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2021-02-24 Wen-Han Kao , Johannes Knolle , Gábor B. Halász , Roderich Moessner , Natalia B. Perkins

We study the spin excitation spectra in magnetically ordered phases proximate to the Kitaev quantum spin liquid (KQSL). Although the low-energy universal features should be governed by the magnetic orders, the $\textit{non-universal}$…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2026-04-07 Peng Rao , Roderich Moessner , Johannes Knolle

Anderson proposed structural topology in frustrated magnets hosting novel quantum spin liquids (QSLs). The QSL state is indeed exactly derived by fractionalizing the spin excitation into spinless Majorana fermions in a perfect two…

The Kitaev model is a fascinating example of an exactly solvable model displaying a spin-liquid ground state in two dimensions. However, deviations from the original Kitaev model are expected to appear in real materials. In this Letter, we…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2022-07-21 Vitor Dantas , Eric C. Andrade

A quantum spin liquid (QSL) is an exotic state of matter characterized by quantum entanglement and the absence of any broken symmetry. A long-standing open problem, which is a key for fundamental understanding the mysterious QSL states, is…

We study the spin transport through the quantum spin liquid (QSL) by investigating the real-time and real-space dynamics of the Kitaev spin system with a zigzag structure in terms of the time-dependent Majorana mean-field theory. After the…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2020-07-27 Tetsuya Minakawa , Yuta Murakami , Akihisa Koga , Joji Nasu

Quantum entanglement in strongly correlated electron systems often leads to exotic elementary excitations. Quantum spin liquids (QSLs) provide a paradigmatic example, where the elementary excitations are described by fractional…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2025-03-10 Yasuyuki Kato , Joji Nasu , Masahiro Sato , Tsuyoshi Okubo , Takahiro Misawa , Yukitoshi Motome
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