Related papers: Measuring Topological Order
We study topological order in a toric code in three spatial dimensions, or a 3+1D Z_2 gauge theory, at finite temperature. We compute exactly the topological entropy of the system, and show that it drops, for any infinitesimal temperature,…
Photonic modes exhibiting a polarization winding akin to a vortex possess an integer topological charge. Lasing with topological charge 1 or 2 can be realized in periodic lattices of up to six-fold rotational symmetry. Higher order charges…
We introduce a many-body topological invariant, called the topological disorder parameter (TDP), to characterize gapped quantum phases with global internal symmetry in (2+1)d. TDP is defined as the constant correction that appears in the…
A topologically ordered phase on a torus possesses degenerate ground states that transform nontrivially under the modular transformations of the torus, generated by Dehn twists. Representation of modular transformations on the ground states…
Symmetry plays an important role in the topological band theory. In contrary, study on the topological properties of the asymmetric systems is rather limited, especially in higher-dimensional systems. In this work, we explore a new theory…
Topology is a powerful tool for categorizing magnetization textures by defining a topological index in both two-dimensional (2D) systems, such as thin films or curved surfaces, and in 3D bulk systems. In the emerging field of 3D…
We introduce the theoretical framework we use to study the bewildering variety of phases in condensed--matter physics. We emphasize the importance of the breaking of symmetries, and develop the idea of an order parameter through several…
We propose a method of measuring topological invariants of a photonic crystal through phase spectroscopy. We show how the Chern numbers can be deduced from the winding numbers of the reflection coefficient phase. An explicit proof of…
We propose a topological order parameter for interacting topological insulators, expressed in terms of the full Green's functions of the interacting system. We show that it is exactly quantized for a time reversal invariant topological…
A family of locally equivalent models is considered. They can be taken as a generalization to $d+1$ dimensions of the Topological Massive and ``Self-dual'' models in 2+1 dimensions. The corresponding 3+1 models are analized in detail. It is…
Topologically ordered states are characterized by topological quantities like the Hall conductance, topological entanglement entropy, and chiral central charge. Techniques based on the modular Hamiltonian have recently been developed to…
Lecture notes in Russian. Topics: the Haar measure (abstract theorems and explicit descriptions for different groups), measures on infinite-dimensional spaces with large natural groups of symmetries (Gaussian measures, Poisson measures,…
Topological phases in two dimensions support anyonic quasiparticle excitations that obey neither bosonic nor fermionic statistics. These anyon structures often carry global symmetries that relate distinct anyons with similar fusion and…
The discovery of topological states of matter has profoundly augmented our understanding of phase transitions in physical systems. Instead of local order parameters, topological phases are described by global topological invariants and are…
Topological materials rely on engineering global properties of their bulk energy bands called topological invariants. These invariants, usually defined over the entire Brillouin zone, are related to the existence of protected edge states.…
Comparative study of topological charge is performed. Topological charges are measured by a cloverleaf operator on smoothed gauge configurations. Various types of smoothing techniques are employed. Agreement of topological charges in…
The topology of orientable (2 + 1)d spacetimes can be captured by certain lumps of non-trivial topology called topological geons. They are the topological analogues of conventional solitons. We give a description of topological geons where…
Various definitions of chiral observables in a given Moebius covariant two-dimensional theory are shown to be equivalent. Their representation theory in the vacuum Hilbert space of the 2D theory is studied. It shares the general…
The topology of one-dimensional chiral systems is captured by the winding number of the Hamiltonian eigenstates. Here we show that this invariant can be read-out by measuring the mean chiral displacement of a single-particle wavefunction…
We numerically investigate the topological phase transition induced purely by disorder in a spring-mass chain. We employ two types of disorders - chiral and random types - to explore the interplay between topology and disorder. By tracking…