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Probabilistic shaping (PS) has been widely studied and applied to optical fiber communications. The encoder of PS expends the number of bit slots and controls the probability distribution of channel input symbols. Not only studies focused…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-01-25 Tsuyoshi Yoshida , Koji Igarashi , Magnus Karlsson , Erik Agrell

A scheme for the detection of low-intensity optical coherent signals was studied which uses a probabilistic amplifier operated in the non-heralded version, as the underlying non-linear operation to improve the detection efficiency. This…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-06-15 Matteo Rosati , Andrea Mari , Vittorio Giovannetti

We propose a novel modulation scheme for intensity modulation and direct detection (IM/DD) based optical communication system employing orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM). This method utilizes the DC-bias, which typically is…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2014-10-28 Qian Gao , Chen Gong , Rui Wang , Zhengyuan Xu , Yingbo Hua

The choice of constellations largely affects the performance of communication systems. When designing constellations, both the locations and probability of occurrence of the points can be optimized. These approaches are referred to as…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-08-30 Maximilian Stark , Fayçal Ait Aoudia , Jakob Hoydis

Due to that the polarization states in optical fibers change randomly during transmission, polarization-independent (PID) devices are demanded to receive lights with arbitrary polarization states. Compared with their orthogonal polarization…

Optics · Physics 2023-12-12 Yating Wu , Xiaoyan Liu , Tao Chu

Integrated Sensing and Communications (ISAC) has garnered significant attention as a promising technology for next-generation wireless and vehicular communications. Among candidate waveforms, Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-11 Eya Gourar , Yahia Medjahdi , Laurent Clavier , Abdul Karim Gizzini , Patrick Sondi

A radio frequency (RF) power amplifier (PA) plays an important role to amplify the message signal at higher power to transmit it to a distant receiver. Due to a typical nonlinear behavior of the PA at high power transmission, a digital…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-09-12 Ganesh Prasad , Håkan Johansson , Rabul Hussain Laskar

Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) signals with rectangular pulses exhibit low spectral confinement. Shaping their power spectral density (PSD) is imperative in the increasingly overcrowded spectrum to benefit from the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-01 Javier Giménez , José A. Cortés , Luis Díez

Discrete affine Fourier transform spread affine frequency division multiplexing (DAFT-s-AFDM) is a promising waveform for integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) due to its low peak-to-average power ratio, robustness to Doppler shifts,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-20 Shiqi Cui , Tianqi Mao , Fan Zhang , Zeping Sui , Christos Masouros , Zhaocheng Wang

The capacity achieving probability mass function (PMF) of a finite signal constellation with an average power constraint is in most cases non-uniform. A common approach to generate non-uniform input PMFs is Huffman shaping, which consists…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2011-06-28 Georg Böcherer , Fabian Altenbach , Rudolf Mathar

Constellation shaping is a well-established method to improve upon a regular quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM). It is known that the gain achieved by any shaping method for an additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel is…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-04-28 Kirill Ivanov , Wei Yang , Jing Jiang

Optical systems obeying non-Hermitian dynamics have been the subject of intense and concerted investigation over the last two decades owing to their broad implications in photonics, acoustics, electronics as well as atomic physics. A vast…

Optics · Physics 2023-05-17 Abhishek Mondal , Shailja Sharma , Ritwick Das

A new approach for combining non-binary low-density parity-check (NB-LDPC) codes with higher-order modulation and probabilistic amplitude shaping (PAS) is presented. Instead of symbol-metric decoding (SMD), a bit-metric decoder (BMD) is…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-09-12 Fabian Steiner , Georg Böcherer , Gianluigi Liva

Modulation constellation design is a core challenge in digital communications, especially under stringent demands on spectral efficiency, robustness, and energy consumption. Classical schemes like PSK and QAM, while analytically tractable,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-22 Nipun Agarwal

We study the performance scaling laws for electrical-domain combining in photodetector (PD) array-based receivers employing intensity modulation and direct detection, taking into account the inherent square-law relationship between the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-23 Aravindh Krishnamoorthy , Robert Schober , Harald Haas

We examine pulse amplitude modulation (PAM) for intensity modulation and direct detection systems. Using a straight-forward, mixed noise model, we optimize the constellations with an autoencoder-based neural network (NN), an improve…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-05-31 Amir Omidi , Mai Banawan , Erwan Weckenmann , Benoit Paquin , Alireza Geravand , Zibo Zheng , Wei Shi , Ming Zeng , Leslie A. Rusch

We investigate an experimentally feasible scheme for amplification of superpositions of coherent states (SCSs) in light fields. This scheme mixes two input SCSs at a 50:50 beam splitter and performs post-selection by a homodyne detection on…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-12-04 Changhun Oh , Hyunseok Jeong

Model Predictive Control (MPC) is a successful control methodology, which is applied to increasingly complex systems. However, real-time feasibility of MPC can be challenging for complex systems, certainly when an (extremely) large number…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-25 S. A. N. Nouwens , B. de Jager , M. M. Paulides , W. P. M. H. Heemels

Constellation shaping is a practical and effective technique to improve the performance and the rate adaptivity of optical communication systems. In principle, it could also be used to mitigate the impact of nonlinear effects, possibly…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-06-08 Marco Secondini , Stella Civelli , Enrico Forestieri , Lareb Zar Khan

In recent years, the increasing interest in Stochastic model predictive control (SMPC) schemes has highlighted the limitation arising from their inherent computational demand, which has restricted their applicability to slow-dynamics and…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-05-22 Martina Mammarella , Teodoro Alamo , Fabrizio Dabbene , Matthias Lorenzen