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We propose a fully decentralized multi-agent world model that enables both symbol emergence for communication and coordinated behavior through temporal extension of collective predictive coding. Unlike previous research that focuses on…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Kentaro Nomura , Tatsuya Aoki , Tadahiro Taniguchi , Takato Horii

Game theory has been developed by scientists as a theory of strategic interaction among players who are supposed to be perfectly rational. These strategic interactions might have been presented in an auction, a business negotiation, a chess…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2020-04-07 Medet Kanmaz , Elif Surer

The behaviour of multi-agent learning in many player games has been shown to display complex dynamics outside of restrictive examples such as network zero-sum games. In addition, it has been shown that convergent behaviour is less likely to…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-07-27 Aamal Hussain , Dan Leonte , Francesco Belardinelli , Georgios Piliouras

Popular methods in cooperative Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning with partially observable environments typically allow agents to act independently during execution, which may limit the coordinated effect of the trained policies. However,…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Faizan Contractor , Li Li , Ranwa Al Mallah

Game theory's prescriptive power typically relies on full rationality and/or self-play interactions. In contrast, this work sets aside these fundamental premises and focuses instead on heterogeneous autonomous interactions between two or…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2012-03-19 Enrique Munoz de Cote , Archie C. Chapman , Adam M. Sykulski , Nicholas R. Jennings

Multi-agent networked linear dynamic systems have attracted attention of researchers in power systems, intelligent transportation, and industrial automation. The agents might cooperatively optimize a global performance objective, resulting…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2017-01-12 Feier Lian , Aranya Chakrabortty , Alexandra Duel-Hallen

In many real-world settings agents engage in strategic interactions with multiple opposing agents who can employ a wide variety of strategies. The standard approach for designing agents for such settings is to compute or approximate a…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-07-30 Sam Ganzfried , Kevin A. Wang , Max Chiswick

In order for artificial agents to coordinate effectively with people, they must act consistently with existing conventions (e.g. how to navigate in traffic, which language to speak, or how to coordinate with teammates). A group's…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-03-14 Adam Lerer , Alexander Peysakhovich

We consider a multi-agent reinforcement learning problem where each agent seeks to maximize a shared reward while interacting with other agents, and they may or may not be able to communicate. Typically the agents do not have access to…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2021-04-26 Alex Tong Lin , Mark J. Debord , Katia Estabridis , Gary Hewer , Guido Montufar , Stanley Osher

Multi-agent reinforcement learning is a promising research area that extends established reinforcement learning approaches to problems formulated as multi-agent systems. Recently, a multitude of communication methods have been introduced to…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Christoph Wittner

Many challenges remain before AI agents can be deployed in real-world environments. However, one virtue of such environments is that they are inherently multi-agent and contain human experts. Using advanced social intelligence in such an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-22 Eric Ye , Ren Tao , Natasha Jaques

Learning in games provides a powerful framework to design control policies for self-interested agents that may be coupled through their dynamics, costs, or constraints. We consider the case where the dynamics of the coupled system can be…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-18 Mostafa M. Shibl , Vijay Gupta

Many real-world problems require the coordination of multiple autonomous agents. Recent work has shown the promise of Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) to learn explicit communication strategies that enable complex multi-agent coordination.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-11-05 Jan Blumenkamp , Amanda Prorok

Multi-Agent Path Finding (MAPF) is essential to large-scale robotic systems. Recent methods have applied reinforcement learning (RL) to learn decentralized polices in partially observable environments. A fundamental challenge of obtaining…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-06-23 Ziyuan Ma , Yudong Luo , Hang Ma

Coordination is often critical to forming prosocial behaviors -- behaviors that increase the overall sum of rewards received by all agents in a multi-agent game. However, state of the art reinforcement learning algorithms often suffer from…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2021-05-17 Woodrow Z. Wang , Mark Beliaev , Erdem Bıyık , Daniel A. Lazar , Ramtin Pedarsani , Dorsa Sadigh

Extensive work has been conducted both in game theory and logic to model strategic interaction. An important question is whether we can use these theories to design agents for interacting with people? On the one hand, they provide a formal…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-06-27 Sarit Kraus

Large Language Model (LLM)-based agents are increasingly deployed in multi-agent scenarios where coordination is crucial but not always assured. Research shows that the way strategic scenarios are framed linguistically can affect…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Alessio Buscemi , Daniele Proverbio , Alessandro Di Stefano , The Anh Han , German Castignani , Pietro Liò

To achieve general intelligence, agents must learn how to interact with others in a shared environment: this is the challenge of multiagent reinforcement learning (MARL). The simplest form is independent reinforcement learning (InRL), where…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-11-08 Marc Lanctot , Vinicius Zambaldi , Audrunas Gruslys , Angeliki Lazaridou , Karl Tuyls , Julien Perolat , David Silver , Thore Graepel

Relational networks within a team play a critical role in the performance of many real-world multi-robot systems. To successfully accomplish tasks that require cooperation and coordination, different agents (e.g., robots) necessitate…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-10-20 Yasin Findik , Hamid Osooli , Paul Robinette , Kshitij Jerath , S. Reza Ahmadzadeh

The Team-maxmin equilibrium prescribes the optimal strategies for a team of rational players sharing the same goal and without the capability of correlating their strategies in strategic games against an adversary. This solution concept can…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-11-21 Nicola Basilico , Andrea Celli , Giuseppe De Nittis , Nicola Gatti