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Velocity Obstacles (VO) methods form a paradigm for collision avoidance strategies among moving obstacles and agents. While VO methods perform well in simple multi-agent environments, they don't guarantee safety and can show overly…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Alejandro Sánchez Roncero , Rafael I. Cabral Muchacho , Petter Ögren

Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) algorithms show amazing performance in simulation in recent years, but placing MARL in real-world applications may suffer safety problems. MARL with centralized shields was proposed and verified in…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2021-03-24 Zhiyuan Cai , Huanhui Cao , Wenjie Lu , Lin Zhang , Hao Xiong

Safe reinforcement learning (RL) for robotic systems requires policies that improve task performance while satisfying state and input constraints during both training and deployment. Control barrier functions (CBFs) provide a principled…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Dhruv S. Kushwaha , Zoleikha A. Biron

Safety-critical whole-body robot control demands reactive methods that ensure collision avoidance in real-time. Complementarity constraints and control barrier functions (CBF) have emerged as core tools for ensuring such safety constraints,…

Safety constraints of nonlinear control systems are commonly enforced through the use of control barrier functions (CBFs). Uncertainties in the dynamic model can disrupt forward invariance guarantees or cause the state to be restricted to…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-30 Hannah M. Sweatland , Omkar Sudhir Patil , Warren E. Dixon

Ensuring safety for autonomous robots operating in dynamic environments can be challenging due to factors such as unmodeled dynamics, noisy sensor measurements, and partial observability. To account for these limitations, it is common to…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-08 Shaohang Han , Matti Vahs , Jana Tumova

The safe control of multi-robot swarms is a challenging and active field of research, where common goals include maintaining group cohesion while simultaneously avoiding obstacles and inter-agent collision. Building off our previously…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-04-03 Brooks A. Butler , Chi Ho Leung , Philip E. Paré

Control barrier functions (CBFs) are a powerful tool for the constrained control of nonlinear systems; however, the majority of results in the literature focus on systems subject to a single CBF constraint, making it challenging to…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-05 Max H. Cohen , Eugene Lavretsky , Aaron D. Ames

The optimal performance of robotic systems is usually achieved near the limit of state and input bounds. Model predictive control (MPC) is a prevalent strategy to handle these operational constraints, however, safety still remains an open…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-03-24 Jun Zeng , Bike Zhang , Koushil Sreenath

Safety-critical motion planning in mixed traffic remains challenging for autonomous vehicles, especially when it involves interactions between the ego vehicle (EV) and surrounding vehicles (SVs). In dense traffic, the feasibility of a lane…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-24 Ying Shuai Quan , Paolo Falcone , Jonas Sjöberg

This paper presents a systematic method for synthesizing a Control Barrier Function (CBF) that encodes predictive information into a CBF. Unlike other methods, the synthesized CBF can account for changes and time-variations in the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-23 Adrian Wiltz , Dimos V. Dimarogonas

This paper presents a constraint-lifting control framework for designing stabilizing controllers that guarantee the forward invariance of a prescribed safe set. State-of-the-art safety-enforcing methods, such as control barrier functions…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-04-29 Jhon Manuel Portella Delgado , Ankit Goel

Safety is a fundamental requirement of control systems. Control Barrier Functions (CBFs) are proposed to ensure the safety of the control system by constructing safety filters or synthesizing control inputs. However, the safety guarantee…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-03-29 Manan Tayal , Hongchao Zhang , Pushpak Jagtap , Andrew Clark , Shishir Kolathaya

Safety-critical control is a crucial aspect of modern systems, and Control Barrier Functions (CBFs) have gained popularity as the framework of choice for ensuring safety. However, implementing a CBF requires exact knowledge of the true…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-26 Rahal Nanayakkara , Aaron D. Ames , Paulo Tabuada

The increasing complexity of control systems necessitates control laws that guarantee safety w.r.t. complex combinations of constraints. In this letter, we propose a framework to describe compositional safety specifications with control…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-12-05 Tamas G. Molnar , Aaron D. Ames

This paper focuses on safety filters designed based on Control Barrier Functions (CBFs): these are modifications of a nominal stabilizing controller typically utilized in safety-critical control applications to render a given subset of…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-01-17 Pol Mestres , Yiting Chen , Emiliano Dall'anese , Jorge Cortés

In collaborative human-robot environments, the unpredictable and dynamic nature of human motion can lead to situations where collisions become unavoidable. In such cases, it is essential for the robotic system to proactively mitigate…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Patanjali Maithani , Aliasghar Arab , Farshad Khorrami , Prashanth Krishnamurthy

In this paper, we propose a method to avoid "no-solution" situations of the control barrier function (CBF) for distributed collision avoidance in a multiagent autonomous robotic system (MARS). MARS, which is composed of distributed…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Hiroki Etchu , Yuki Origane , Daisuke Kurabayashi

Ensuring liveness and safety of autonomous and cyber-physical systems remains a fundamental challenge, particularly when multiple safety constraints are present. This letter advances the theoretical foundations of safety-filter Quadratic…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-24 Matheus F. Reis , José P. Carvalho , A. Pedro Aguiar

Ensuring safety for autonomous systems under uncertainty remains challenging, particularly when safety of the true state is required despite the true state not being fully known. Control barrier functions (CBFs) have become widely adopted…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-26 Ruoyu Lin , Magnus Egerstedt