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Several generative models with elaborate training and sampling procedures have been proposed to accelerate structure-based drug design (SBDD); however, their empirical performance turns out to be suboptimal. We seek to better understand…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Rafał Karczewski , Samuel Kaski , Markus Heinonen , Vikas Garg

Developing new molecular compounds is crucial to address pressing challenges, from health to environmental sustainability. However, exploring the molecular space to discover new molecules is difficult due to the vastness of the space. Here…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Manuel Ruiz-Botella , Marta Sales-Pardo , Roger Guimerà

Accurately predicting drug-target interactions (DTIs) is pivotal for advancing drug discovery and target validation techniques. While machine learning approaches including those that are based on Graph Neural Networks (GNN) have achieved…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Yuehua Song , Yong Gao

The goal of structure-based drug discovery is to find small molecules that bind to a given target protein. Deep learning has been used to generate drug-like molecules with certain cheminformatic properties, but has not yet been applied to…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2022-01-27 Matthew Ragoza , Tomohide Masuda , David Ryan Koes

Wastewater-based genomic surveillance has emerged as a powerful tool for population-level viral monitoring, offering comprehensive insights into circulating viral variants across entire communities. However, this approach faces significant…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Adele Chinda , Richmond Azumah , Hemanth Demakethepalli Venkateswara

The recent rise in deep learning technologies fueled innovation and boosted scientific research. Their achievements enabled new research directions for deep generative modeling (DGM), an increasingly popular approach that can create novel…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-28 Luca Bergamin , Tommaso Carraro , Mirko Polato , Fabio Aiolli

Variational Auto-Encoders (VAEs) are capable of learning latent representations for high dimensional data. However, due to the i.i.d. assumption, VAEs only optimize the singleton variational distributions and fail to account for the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-20 Da Tang , Dawen Liang , Tony Jebara , Nicholas Ruozzi

To generate drug molecules of desired properties with computational methods is the holy grail in pharmaceutical research. Here we describe an AI strategy, retro drug design, or RDD, to generate novel small molecule drugs from scratch to…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2021-05-12 Yuhong Wang , Sam Michael , Ruili Huang , Jinghua Zhao , Katlin Recabo , Danielle Bougie , Qiang Shu , Paul Shinn , Hongmao Sun

The world has witnessed unprecedented human and economic loss from the COVID-19 disease, caused by the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. Extensive research is being conducted across the globe to identify therapeutic agents against the…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2020-04-09 Rohit Batra , Henry Chan , Ganesh Kamath , Rampi Ramprasad , Mathew J. Cherukara , Subramanian Sankaranarayanan

Generative deep neural networks used in machine learning, like the Variational Auto-Encoders (VAE), and Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) produce new objects each time when asked to do so with the constraint that the new objects remain…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-03-15 Gabriel Turinici

In the space of only a few years, deep generative modeling has revolutionized how we think of artificial creativity, yielding autonomous systems which produce original images, music, and text. Inspired by these successes, researchers are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-24 Daniel C. Elton , Zois Boukouvalas , Mark D. Fuge , Peter W. Chung

Recent 3D content generation pipelines commonly employ Variational Autoencoders (VAEs) to encode shapes into compact latent representations for diffusion-based generation. However, the widely adopted uniform point sampling strategy in Shape…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Rui Chen , Jianfeng Zhang , Yixun Liang , Guan Luo , Weiyu Li , Jiarui Liu , Xiu Li , Xiaoxiao Long , Jiashi Feng , Ping Tan

Although the Conditional Variational AutoEncoder (CVAE) model can generate more diversified responses than the traditional Seq2Seq model, the responses often have low relevance with the input words or are illogical with the question. A…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-12 Jiayi Liu , Wei Wei , Zhixuan Chu , Xing Gao , Ji Zhang , Tan Yan , Yulin Kang

Designing new chemical compounds with desired pharmaceutical properties is a challenging task and takes years of development and testing. Still, a majority of new drugs fail to prove efficient. Recent success of deep generative modeling…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-15 Karina Zadorozhny , Lada Nuzhna

Design of new drugs is a challenging process: a candidate molecule should satisfy multiple conditions to act properly and make the least side-effect -- perfect candidates selectively attach to and influence only targets, leaving off-targets…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2024-05-07 Andrij Rovenchak , Maksym Druchok

Many contemporary generative models of molecules are variational auto-encoders of molecular graphs. One term in their training loss pertains to reconstructing the input, yet reconstruction capabilities of state-of-the-art models have not…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-05 Hagen Muenkler , Hubert Misztela , Michal Pikusa , Marwin Segler , Nadine Schneider , Krzysztof Maziarz

The aim of the inverse chemical design is to develop new molecules with given optimized molecular properties or objectives. Recently, generative deep learning (DL) networks are considered as the state-of-the-art in inverse chemical design…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-10 Haoran Wei , Mariefel Olarte , Garrett B. Goh

Deep generative models are able to suggest new organic molecules by generating strings, trees, and graphs representing their structure. While such models allow one to generate molecules with desirable properties, they give no guarantees…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-05 John Bradshaw , Brooks Paige , Matt J. Kusner , Marwin H. S. Segler , José Miguel Hernández-Lobato

Deep generative models are a class of techniques that train deep neural networks to model the distribution of training samples. Research has fragmented into various interconnected approaches, each of which make trade-offs including…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-29 Sam Bond-Taylor , Adam Leach , Yang Long , Chris G. Willcocks

The size and quality of chemical libraries to the drug discovery pipeline are crucial for developing new drugs or repurposing existing drugs. Existing techniques such as combinatorial organic synthesis and High-Throughput Screening usually…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2020-10-02 Brighter Agyemang , Wei-Ping Wu , Daniel Addo , Michael Y. Kpiebaareh , Ebenezer Nanor , Charles Roland Haruna
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