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Salient object detection (SOD), which aims to identify and locate the most salient pixels or regions in images, has been attracting more and more interest due to its various real-world applications. However, this vision task is quite…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-01-23 Pingping Zhang , Wei Liu , Huchuan Lu , Chunhua Shen

Loss functions are at the heart of deep learning, shaping how models learn and perform across diverse tasks. They are used to quantify the difference between predicted outputs and ground truth labels, guiding the optimization process to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-11 Omar Elharrouss , Yasir Mahmood , Yassine Bechqito , Mohamed Adel Serhani , Elarbi Badidi , Jamal Riffi , Hamid Tairi

In this paper, we propose a novel form of the loss function to increase the performance of LiDAR-based 3d object detection and obtain more explainable and convincing uncertainty for the prediction. The loss function was designed using…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-08-19 Hujie Pan , Zining Wang , Wei Zhan , Masayoshi Tomizuka

The automation of neural architecture design has been a coveted alternative to human experts. Recent works have small search space, which is easier to optimize but has a limited upper bound of the optimal solution. Extra human design is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-19 Yuanzheng Ci , Chen Lin , Ming Sun , Boyu Chen , Hongwen Zhang , Wanli Ouyang

Many evaluation metrics can be used to assess the performance of models in binary classification tasks. However, most of them are derived from a confusion matrix in a non-differentiable form, making it very difficult to generate a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Doheon Han , Nuno Moniz , Nitesh V Chawla

The choice of a loss function is a critical part of machine learning. This paper evaluated two different loss functions commonly used in regression-task dimensional speech emotion recognition, an error-based and a correlation-based loss…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-07-22 Bagus Tris Atmaja , Masato Akagi

Statistical decision problems lie at the heart of statistical machine learning. The simplest problems are binary and multiclass classification and class probability estimation. Central to their definition is the choice of loss function,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-21 Robert C. Williamson , Zac Cranko

Evaluation is a critical but costly procedure in neural architecture search (NAS). Performance predictors have been widely adopted to reduce evaluation costs by directly estimating architecture performance. The effectiveness of predictors…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Han Ji , Yuqi Feng , Jiahao Fan , Yanan Sun

Cross-entropy loss and focal loss are the most common choices when training deep neural networks for classification problems. Generally speaking, however, a good loss function can take on much more flexible forms, and should be tailored for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-12 Zhaoqi Leng , Mingxing Tan , Chenxi Liu , Ekin Dogus Cubuk , Xiaojie Shi , Shuyang Cheng , Dragomir Anguelov

With the development of convolutional neural network, significant progress has been made in computer vision tasks. However, the commonly used loss function softmax loss and highly efficient network architecture for common visual tasks are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-09-27 Xianyang Li , Feng Wang , Qinghao Hu , Cong Leng

Deep learning solutions of the salient object detection problem have achieved great results in recent years. The majority of these models are based on encoders and decoders, with a different multi-feature combination. In this paper, we show…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-25 Hazarapet Tunanyan

One-stage object detectors are trained by optimizing classification-loss and localization-loss simultaneously, with the former suffering much from extreme foreground-background class imbalance issue due to the large number of anchors. This…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Kean Chen , Weiyao Lin , Jianguo Li , John See , Ji Wang , Junni Zou

The key task of machine learning is to minimize the loss function that measures the model fit to the training data. The numerical methods to do this efficiently depend on the properties of the loss function. The most decisive among these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Tomas Hrycej , Bernhard Bermeitinger , Massimo Pavone , Götz-Henrik Wiegand , Siegfried Handschuh

We propose a novel loss function that dynamically rescales the cross entropy based on prediction difficulty regarding a sample. Deep neural network architectures in image classification tasks struggle to disambiguate visually similar…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-09-26 Serim Ryou , Seong-Gyun Jeong , Pietro Perona

Capsule networks promise significant benefits over convolutional networks by storing stronger internal representations, and routing information based on the agreement between intermediate representations' projections. Despite this, their…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-30 Rodney Lalonde , Naji Khosravan , Ulas Bagci

Face Recognition is one of the prominent problems in the computer vision domain. Witnessing advances in deep learning, significant work has been observed in face recognition, which touched upon various parts of the recognition framework…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-24 Yash Srivastava , Vaishnav Murali , Shiv Ram Dubey

Image Segmentation has been an active field of research as it has a wide range of applications, ranging from automated disease detection to self-driving cars. In the past five years, various papers came up with different objective loss…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-12-15 Shruti Jadon

Object detection is an important computer vision task with plenty of real-world applications; therefore, how to enhance its robustness against adversarial attacks has emerged as a crucial issue. However, most of the previous defense methods…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-04-01 Pin-Chun Chen , Bo-Han Kung , Jun-Cheng Chen

Visual-Semantic Embedding (VSE) is a prevalent approach in image-text retrieval by learning a joint embedding space between the image and language modalities where semantic similarities would be preserved. The triplet loss with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-25 Hong Xuan , Xi Chen

This paper introduces the concept of uniform classification, which employs a unified threshold to classify all samples rather than adaptive threshold classifying each individual sample. We also propose the uniform classification accuracy as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-13 Qiufu Li , Xi Jia , Jiancan Zhou , Linlin Shen , Jinming Duan