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Real-world data typically follow a long-tailed distribution, where a few majority categories occupy most of the data while most minority categories contain a limited number of samples. Classification models minimizing cross-entropy struggle…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-13 Jianggang Zhu , Zheng Wang , Jingjing Chen , Yi-Ping Phoebe Chen , Yu-Gang Jiang

Effectively handling the co-occurrence of non-IID data and long-tailed distributions remains a critical challenge in federated learning. While fine-tuning vision-language models (VLMs) like CLIP has shown to be promising in addressing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Shihao Hou , Xinyi Shang , Shreyank N Gowda , Yang Lu , Chao Wu , Yan Yan , Hanzi Wang

The heavy reliance on data is one of the major reasons that currently limit the development of deep learning. Data quality directly dominates the effect of deep learning models, and the long-tailed distribution is one of the factors…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-30 Lu Yang , He Jiang , Qing Song , Jun Guo

The long-tailed image classification task remains important in the development of deep neural networks as it explicitly deals with large imbalances in the class frequencies of the training data. While uncommon in engineered datasets, this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-12 Marc-Antoine Lavoie , Steven Waslander

Recognition problems in long-tailed data, in which the sample size per class is heavily skewed, have gained importance because the distribution of the sample size per class in a dataset is generally exponential unless the sample size is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-30 Naoya Hasegawa , Issei Sato

Our work focuses on tackling the challenging but natural visual recognition task of long-tailed data distribution (i.e., a few classes occupy most of the data, while most classes have rarely few samples). In the literature, class…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-03-11 Boyan Zhou , Quan Cui , Xiu-Shen Wei , Zhao-Min Chen

Deep neural networks frequently suffer from performance degradation when the training data is long-tailed because several majority classes dominate the training, resulting in a biased model. Recent studies have made a great effort in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-19 Mengke Li , Yiu-ming Cheung , Juyong Jiang

Long-tailed recognition has benefited from foundation models and fine-tuning paradigms, yet existing studies and benchmarks are mainly confined to natural image domains, where pre-training and fine-tuning data share similar distributions.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Jiahao Chen , Bing Su

Latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) is a popular topic modeling technique in academia but less so in industry, especially in large-scale applications involving search engine and online advertising systems. A main underlying reason is that the…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2015-12-08 Yi Wang , Xuemin Zhao , Zhenlong Sun , Hao Yan , Lifeng Wang , Zhihui Jin , Liubin Wang , Yang Gao , Ching Law , Jia Zeng

Many practical medical imaging scenarios include categories that are under-represented but still crucial. The relevance of image recognition models to real-world applications lies in their ability to generalize to these rare classes as well…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Daniya Najiha A. Kareem , Jean Lahoud , Mustansar Fiaz , Amandeep Kumar , Hisham Cholakkal

In this paper, we propose an Aligned Contrastive Learning (ACL) algorithm to address the long-tailed recognition problem. Our findings indicate that while multi-view training boosts the performance, contrastive learning does not…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Jiali Ma , Jiequan Cui , Maeno Kazuki , Lakshmi Subramanian , Karlekar Jayashree , Sugiri Pranata , Hanwang Zhang

Deep neural networks may perform poorly when training datasets are heavily class-imbalanced. Recently, two-stage methods decouple representation learning and classifier learning to improve performance. But there is still the vital issue of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-04-02 Zhisheng Zhong , Jiequan Cui , Shu Liu , Jiaya Jia

Real-world training data usually exhibits long-tailed distribution, where several majority classes have a significantly larger number of samples than the remaining minority classes. This imbalance degrades the performance of typical…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-04-08 Shuang Li , Kaixiong Gong , Chi Harold Liu , Yulin Wang , Feng Qiao , Xinjing Cheng

Motivation: Despite recent advancements in semantic representation driven by pre-trained and large-scale language models, addressing long tail challenges in multi-label text classification remains a significant issue. Long tail challenges…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Yan Yan , Junyuan Liu , Bo-Wen Zhang

Long-tailed classification poses a challenge due to its heavy imbalance in class probabilities and tail-sensitivity risks with asymmetric misprediction costs. Recent attempts have used re-balancing loss and ensemble methods, but they are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-22 Bolian Li , Ruqi Zhang

Understanding vision and language representations of product content is vital for search and recommendation applications in e-commerce. As a backbone for online shopping platforms and inspired by the recent success in representation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-23 Wonyoung Shin , Jonghun Park , Taekang Woo , Yongwoo Cho , Kwangjin Oh , Hwanjun Song

Real-world imagery is often characterized by a significant imbalance of the number of images per class, leading to long-tailed distributions. An effective and simple approach to long-tailed visual recognition is to learn feature…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-01-14 Ahmet Iscen , André Araujo , Boqing Gong , Cordelia Schmid

Many real-world recognition problems are characterized by long-tailed label distributions. These distributions make representation learning highly challenging due to limited generalization over the tail classes. If the test distribution…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-08 Emanuel Sanchez Aimar , Arvi Jonnarth , Michael Felsberg , Marco Kuhlmann

Long-tailed visual recognition is challenging not only due to class imbalance but also because of varying classification difficulty across categories. Simply reweighting classes by frequency often overlooks those that are intrinsically hard…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Xiaolei Wei , Yi Ouyang , Haibo Ye

In this work, we introduce a novel strategy for long-tail recognition that addresses the tail classes' few-shot problem via training-free knowledge transfer. Our objective is to transfer knowledge acquired from information-rich common…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-04-13 Sarah Parisot , Pedro M. Esperanca , Steven McDonagh , Tamas J. Madarasz , Yongxin Yang , Zhenguo Li