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Model interpretability is a requirement in many applications in which crucial decisions are made by users relying on a model's outputs. The recent movement for "algorithmic fairness" also stipulates explainability, and therefore…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-08-21 Xuan Liu , Xiaoguang Wang , Stan Matwin

Deep neural networks (DNNs) are known as black-box models. In other words, it is difficult to interpret the internal state of the model. Improving the interpretability of DNNs is one of the hot research topics. However, at present, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-17 Masanari Kimura , Masayuki Tanaka

While deep neural networks (DNN) have become an effective computational tool, the prediction results are often criticized by the lack of interpretability, which is essential in many real-world applications such as health informatics.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-05-29 Mengnan Du , Ninghao Liu , Qingquan Song , Xia Hu

Explainable Artificial Intelligence (xAI) has the potential to enhance the transparency and trust of AI-based systems. Although accurate predictions can be made using Deep Neural Networks (DNNs), the process used to arrive at such…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-09 Bhushan Atote , Victor Sanchez

With the continue development of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), there is a growing concern regarding representations that they encode internally. Analyzing these internal representations is referred to as model interpretation. While…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-18 Hamed Behzadi-Khormouji , José Oramas

The last decade of machine learning has seen drastic increases in scale and capabilities. Deep neural networks (DNNs) are increasingly being deployed in the real world. However, they are difficult to analyze, raising concerns about using…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-22 Tilman Räuker , Anson Ho , Stephen Casper , Dylan Hadfield-Menell

Deep learning as represented by the artificial deep neural networks (DNNs) has achieved great success in many important areas that deal with text, images, videos, graphs, and so on. However, the black-box nature of DNNs has become one of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-29 Fenglei Fan , Jinjun Xiong , Mengzhou Li , Ge Wang

Machine Learning algorithms are increasingly being used in recent years due to their flexibility in model fitting and increased predictive performance. However, the complexity of the models makes them hard for the data analyst to interpret…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-06-07 Joel Vaughan , Agus Sudjianto , Erind Brahimi , Jie Chen , Vijayan N. Nair

Interpretability of deep neural networks (DNNs) is essential since it enables users to understand the overall strengths and weaknesses of the models, conveys an understanding of how the models will behave in the future, and how to diagnose…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-03-31 Yinpeng Dong , Hang Su , Jun Zhu , Bo Zhang

While machine learning techniques have been successfully applied in several fields, the black-box nature of the models presents challenges for interpreting and explaining the results. We develop a new framework called Adaptive Explainable…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-06-03 Jie Chen , Joel Vaughan , Vijayan N. Nair , Agus Sudjianto

This paper reviews recent studies in understanding neural-network representations and learning neural networks with interpretable/disentangled middle-layer representations. Although deep neural networks have exhibited superior performance…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-02-08 Quanshi Zhang , Song-Chun Zhu

Despite the remarkable performance, Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) behave as black-boxes hindering user trust in Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems. Research on opening black-box DNN can be broadly categorized into post-hoc methods and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-25 Sandareka Wickramanayake , Wynne Hsu , Mong Li Lee

Deep learning is currently playing a crucial role toward higher levels of artificial intelligence. This paradigm allows neural networks to learn complex and abstract representations, that are progressively obtained by combining simpler…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-08-12 Mirco Ravanelli , Yoshua Bengio

Nonlinear methods such as Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) are the gold standard for various challenging machine learning problems, e.g., image classification, natural language processing or human action recognition. Although these methods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-11-15 Grégoire Montavon , Sebastian Bach , Alexander Binder , Wojciech Samek , Klaus-Robert Müller

During the last decade, deep neural networks (DNN) have demonstrated impressive performances solving a wide range of problems in various domains such as medicine, finance, law, etc. Despite their great performances, they have long been…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-13 Jiechieu Kameni Florentin Flambeau , Tsopze Norbert

In recent years, deep neural networks have been applied to obtain high performance of prediction, classification, and pattern recognition. However, the weights in these deep neural networks are difficult to be explained. Although a linear…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-05-08 Chi-Hua Chen

The reasonable definition of semantic interpretability presents the core challenge in explainable AI. This paper proposes a method to modify a traditional convolutional neural network (CNN) into an interpretable compositional CNN, in order…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-12 Wen Shen , Zhihua Wei , Shikun Huang , Binbin Zhang , Jiaqi Fan , Ping Zhao , Quanshi Zhang

The inherent "black box" nature of deep neural networks (DNNs) compromises their transparency and reliability. Recently, explainable AI (XAI) has garnered increasing attention from researchers. Several perturbation-based interpretations…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-27 Xuran Hu , Mingzhe Zhu , Zhenpeng Feng , Miloš Daković , Ljubiša Stanković

Along with the great success of deep neural networks, there is also growing concern about their black-box nature. The interpretability issue affects people's trust on deep learning systems. It is also related to many ethical problems, e.g.,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-01 Yu Zhang , Peter Tiňo , Aleš Leonardis , Ke Tang

Deep Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have been one of the most influential recent developments in computer vision, particularly for categorization. There is an increasing demand for explainable AI as these systems are deployed in the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-11-21 Tian Xu , Jiayu Zhan , Oliver G. B. Garrod , Philip H. S. Torr , Song-Chun Zhu , Robin A. A. Ince , Philippe G. Schyns
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