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Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) using multiple microphone arrays has achieved great success in the far-field robustness. Taking advantage of all the information that each array shares and contributes is crucial in this task. Motivated by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-02-20 Xiaofei Wang , Ruizhi Li , Sri Harish Mallid , Takaaki Hori , Shinji Watanabe , Hynek Hermansky

Neural transducers have achieved human level performance on standard speech recognition benchmarks. However, their performance significantly degrades in the presence of cross-talk, especially when the primary speaker has a low…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-03-31 Desh Raj , Junteng Jia , Jay Mahadeokar , Chunyang Wu , Niko Moritz , Xiaohui Zhang , Ozlem Kalinli

The large attention-based encoder-decoder network (Transformer) has become prevailing recently due to its effectiveness. But the high computation complexity of its decoder raises the inefficiency issue. By examining the mathematic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-12 Yanyang Li , Ye Lin , Tong Xiao , Jingbo Zhu

A sequence-to-sequence model is a neural network module for mapping two sequences of different lengths. The sequence-to-sequence model has three core modules: encoder, decoder, and attention. Attention is the bridge that connects the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-07-24 Andros Tjandra , Sakriani Sakti , Satoshi Nakamura

We propose a multi-resolution convolutional autoencoder (MrCAE) architecture that integrates and leverages three highly successful mathematical architectures: (i) multigrid methods, (ii) convolutional autoencoders and (iii) transfer…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-13 Yuying Liu , Colin Ponce , Steven L. Brunton , J. Nathan Kutz

Conventional speech-to-text translation (ST) systems are trained on single-speaker utterances, and they may not generalize to real-life scenarios where the audio contains conversations by multiple speakers. In this paper, we tackle…

Transformer-based deep neural networks have achieved great success in various sequence applications due to their powerful ability to model long-range dependency. The key module of Transformer is self-attention (SA) which extracts features…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-01-31 Kyuhong Shim , Jungwook Choi , Wonyong Sung

Transformer layers, which use an alternating pattern of multi-head attention and multi-layer perceptron (MLP) layers, provide an effective tool for a variety of machine learning problems. As the transformer layers use residual connections…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-13 Yaofeng Desmond Zhong , Tongtao Zhang , Amit Chakraborty , Biswadip Dey

Transformers have revolutionized deep learning in numerous fields, including natural language processing, computer vision, and audio processing. Their strength lies in their attention mechanism, which allows for the discovering of complex…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Uladzislau Yorsh , Martin Holeňa , Ondřej Bojar , David Herel

Self-attention models such as Transformers, which can capture temporal relationships without being limited by the distance between events, have given competitive speech recognition results. However, we note the range of the learned context…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-11 Shucong Zhang , Erfan Loweimi , Peter Bell , Steve Renals

Currently, there are mainly three kinds of Transformer encoder based streaming End to End (E2E) Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) approaches, namely time-restricted methods, chunk-wise methods, and memory-based methods. Generally, all of…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-09-27 Fangyuan Wang , Bo Xu

The UNet architecture, based on Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), has demonstrated its remarkable performance in medical image analysis. However, it faces challenges in capturing long-range dependencies due to the limited receptive…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-07-28 Liang Xu , Mingxiao Chen , Yi Cheng , Pengfei Shao , Shuwei Shen , Peng Yao , Ronald X. Xu

An increasing number of people in the world today speak a mixed-language as a result of being multilingual. However, building a speech recognition system for code-switching remains difficult due to the availability of limited resources and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-04-30 Genta Indra Winata , Samuel Cahyawijaya , Zhaojiang Lin , Zihan Liu , Peng Xu , Pascale Fung

Building speech recognizers in multiple languages typically involves replicating a monolingual training recipe for each language, or utilizing a multi-task learning approach where models for different languages have separate output labels…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-11-08 Suyoun Kim , Michael L. Seltzer

Memory is fundamental to intelligence, enabling learning, reasoning, and adaptability across biological and artificial systems. While Transformer architectures excel at sequence modeling, they face critical limitations in long-range context…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Parsa Omidi , Xingshuai Huang , Axel Laborieux , Bahareh Nikpour , Tianyu Shi , Armaghan Eshaghi

The two most common paradigms for end-to-end speech recognition are connectionist temporal classification (CTC) and attention-based encoder-decoder (AED) models. It has been argued that the latter is better suited for learning an implicit…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-02-22 Lasse Borgholt , Jakob Drachmann Havtorn , Željko Agić , Anders Søgaard , Lars Maaløe , Christian Igel

Neural network approaches to single-channel speech enhancement have received much recent attention. In particular, mask-based architectures have achieved significant performance improvements over conventional methods. This paper proposes a…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-22 Bengt J. Borgstrom , Michael S. Brandstein

Acoustic Echo Cancellation (AEC) plays a key role in speech interaction by suppressing the echo received at microphone introduced by acoustic reverberations from loudspeakers. Since the performance of linear adaptive filter (AF) would…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-06-02 Lu Ma , Song Yang , Yaguang Gong , Zhongqin Wu

The state of the art in learning meaningful semantic representations of words is the Transformer model and its attention mechanisms. Simply put, the attention mechanisms learn to attend to specific parts of the input dispensing recurrence…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-12-24 Dongsheng Wang , Casper Hansen , Lucas Chaves Lima , Christian Hansen , Maria Maistro , Jakob Grue Simonsen , Christina Lioma

Transformers are built upon multi-head scaled dot-product attention and positional encoding, which aim to learn the feature representations and token dependencies. In this work, we focus on enhancing the distinctive representation by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-12 Litao Yu , Jian Zhang