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Learning precise surrogate models of complex computer simulations and physical machines often require long-lasting or expensive experiments. Furthermore, the modeled physical dependencies exhibit nonlinear and nonstationary behavior.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-20 Matthias Bitzer , Mona Meister , Christoph Zimmer

Computer models are used as a way to explore complex physical systems. Stationary Gaussian process emulators, with their accompanying uncertainty quantification, are popular surrogates for computer models. However, many computer models are…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-11-25 Faezeh Yazdi , Derek Bingham , Daniel Williamson

It is well-known that non-linear approximation has an advantage over linear schemes in the sense that it provides comparable approximation rates to those of the linear schemes, but to a larger class of approximands. This was established for…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2010-04-28 Thomas Hangelbroek , Amos Ron

In supervised learning, the output variable to be predicted is often represented as a function, such as a spectrum or probability distribution. Despite its importance, functional output regression remains relatively unexplored. In this…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-03-19 Minoru Kusaba , Megumi Iwayama , Ryo Yoshida

Gaussian Process Regression is a well-known machine learning technique for which several quantum algorithms have been proposed. We show here that in a wide range of scenarios these algorithms show no exponential speedup. We achieve this by…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-04 Dominic Lowe , M. S. Kim , Roberto Bondesan

Gaussian processes provide a powerful probabilistic kernel learning framework, which allows learning high quality nonparametric regression models via methods such as Gaussian process regression. Nevertheless, the learning phase of Gaussian…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-01-06 Paz Fink Shustin , Haim Avron

Gaussian processes provide a flexible, non-parametric framework for the approximation of functions in high-dimensional spaces. The covariance kernel is the main engine of Gaussian processes, incorporating correlations that underpin the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-03-20 Dionissios T. Hristopulos

Gaussian processes are popular and flexible models for spatial, temporal, and functional data, but they are computationally infeasible for large datasets. We discuss Gaussian-process approximations that use basis functions at multiple…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-12-22 Matthias Katzfuss , Wenlong Gong

Gaussian process regression (GPR) is a fundamental model used in machine learning. Owing to its accurate prediction with uncertainty and versatility in handling various data structures via kernels, GPR has been successfully used in various…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-16 Yuya Yoshikawa , Tomoharu Iwata

We propose a representation of Gaussian processes (GPs) based on powers of the integral operator defined by a kernel function, we call these stochastic processes integral Gaussian processes (IGPs). Sample paths from IGPs are functions…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-03-08 Zilong Tan , Sayan Mukherjee

This paper introduces algorithms to select/design kernels in Gaussian process regression/kriging surrogate modeling techniques. We adopt the setting of kernel method solutions in ad hoc functional spaces, namely Reproducing Kernel Hilbert…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-09-07 Jean-Luc Akian , Luc Bonnet , Houman Owhadi , Éric Savin

Current methods for stochastic hyperparameter learning in Gaussian Processes (GPs) rely on approximations, such as computing biased stochastic gradients or using inducing points in stochastic variational inference. However, when using such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-29 Neta Shoham , Haim Avron

Gaussian processes are rich distributions over functions, which provide a Bayesian nonparametric approach to smoothing and interpolation. We introduce simple closed form kernels that can be used with Gaussian processes to discover patterns…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2014-01-03 Andrew Gordon Wilson , Ryan Prescott Adams

Bayesian model updating based on Gaussian Process (GP) models has received attention in recent years, which incorporates kernel-based GPs to provide enhanced fidelity response predictions. Although most kernel functions provide high fitting…

In this paper, we present a comprehensive analysis of the posterior covariance field in Gaussian processes, with applications to the posterior covariance matrix. The analysis is based on the Gaussian prior covariance but the approach also…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-04-03 Difeng Cai , Edmond Chow , Yuanzhe Xi

Graph models are relevant in many fields, such as distributed computing, intelligent tutoring systems or social network analysis. In many cases, such models need to take changes in the graph structure into account, i.e. a varying number of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-10-09 Benjamin Paaßen , Christina Göpfert , Barbara Hammer

Gaussian process regression (GPR) is a popular nonparametric Bayesian method that provides predictive uncertainty estimates and is widely used in safety-critical applications. While prior research has introduced various uncertainty bounds,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Junyi Liu , Stanley Kok

The increased demand for online prediction and the growing availability of large data sets drives the need for computationally efficient models. While exact Gaussian process regression shows various favorable theoretical properties…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-02 Armin Lederer , Alejandro Jose Ordonez Conejo , Korbinian Maier , Wenxin Xiao , Jonas Umlauft , Sandra Hirche

In many environmental applications involving spatially-referenced data, limitations on the number and locations of observations motivate the need for practical and efficient models for spatial interpolation, or kriging. A key component of…

Methodology · Statistics 2015-09-15 Mark D. Risser , Catherine A. Calder

Gaussian processes offer a flexible kernel method for regression. While Gaussian processes have many useful theoretical properties and have proven practically useful, they suffer from poor scaling in the number of observations. In…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-08-26 Nick Terry , Youngjun Choe