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Related papers: Evidence for r-process delay in very metal-poor st…

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We analyze data from several studies of metal-poor stars in the Milky Way, focusing on both strong (Eu) and weak (Sr) $r$-process elements. Because these elements were injected in an explosion, we calculate the mass swept up when the blast…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-09-12 Phillip Macias , Enrico Ramirez-Ruiz

We report Sr, Pd and Ag abundances for a sample of metal-poor field giants and analyze a larger sample of Y, Zr, and Ba abundances. The [Y/Zr] and [Pd/Ag] abundance ratios are similar to those measured for the r-process-rich stars CS…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Jennifer A. Johnson , Michael Bolte

The chemical abundances of metal-poor stars are an excellent test bed by which to set new constraints on models of neutron-capture processes at low metallicity. Some r-process-rich (hereafter r-rich) metal-poor stars, such as HD221170, show…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2010-10-25 Jiang Zhang , Wenyuan Cui , Bo Zhang

Observations of GW170817 strongly suggest that binary neutron star (BNS) mergers produce rapid neutron-capture nucleosynthesis (r-process) elements. However, it remains an open question whether these mergers can account for all the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-08-11 Hsin-Yu Chen , Philippe Landry , Jocelyn S. Read , Daniel M. Siegel

High-resolution spectroscopy of stars on the red giant branch (RGB) of the globular cluster M15 has revealed a large (~1 dex) dispersion in the abundances of r-process elements, like Ba and Eu. Neutron star mergers (NSMs) have been proposed…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2020-03-11 Evan N. Kirby , Gina Duggan , Enrico Ramirez-Ruiz , Phillip Macias

Abundances of heavier elements (barium and beyond) in many neutron-capture-element-rich halo stars accurately replicate the solar system r-process pattern. However, abundances of lighter neutron-capture elements in these stars are not…

The oldest stars in the universe retain to a great extent detailed information on the chemical composition of the interstellar medium at the time of their birth. Hence the earliest phases of Galactic chemical evolution and nucleosynthesis…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2013-01-31 Terese Hansen , Johannes Andersen , Birgitta Nordtröm

The dispersion and mean trends of r-process abundances in metal-poor stars are discussed based on a model of diverse supernova sources for the r-process. This model is unique in that its key parameters are inferred from solar system data…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-06 Y. -Z. Qian

Abundance observations indicate the presence of rapid-neutron capture (i.e., r-process) elements in old Galactic halo and globular cluster stars. Recent observations of the r-process-enriched star BD +17 3248 include new abundance…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2011-06-07 John J. Cowan , Ian U. Roederer , Christopher Sneden , James E. Lawler

We study the formation of stars with varying amounts of heavy elements synthesized by the rapid neutron-capture process ($r$-process) based on our detailed cosmological zoom-in simulation of a Milky Way-like galaxy with an $N$-body/smoothed…

The abundance of elements synthesized by the rapid neutron-capture process (r-process elements) of extremely metal-poor (EMP) stars in the Local Group galaxies gives us clues to clarify the early evolutionary history of the Milky Way halo.…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2017-01-18 Yutaka Hirai , Yuhri Ishimaru , Takayuki R. Saitoh , Michiko S. Fujii , Jun Hidaka , Toshitaka Kajino

We suggest that if the astrophysical site for r-process nucleosynthesis in the early Galaxy is confined to a narrow mass range of Type II supernova (SN II) progenitors, with a lower mass limit of Mms = 20 Msun, a unique feature in the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 Takuji Tsujimoto , Toshikazu Shigeyama , Yuzuru Yoshii

Abundance observations indicate the presence of rapid-neutron capture (i.e., r-process) elements in old Galactic halo and globular cluster stars. These observations demonstrate that the earliest generations of stars in the Galaxy,…

Astrophysics · Physics 2017-08-23 J. J. Cowan , C. Sneden

The main astronomical source of r-process elements has not yet been identified. One plausible site is neutron star mergers (NSMs), but from perspective of the Galactic chemical evolution, it has been pointed out that NSMs cannot reproduce…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2016-10-19 Yutaka Komiya , Toshikazu Shigeyama

I show that recent observations of r-process abundances in metal-poor stars are difficult to explain if neutron star mergers (NSMs) are the major r-process sources. In contrast, such observations and meteoritic data on Hf182 and I129 in the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 Y. -Z. Qian

The rapid neutron-capture process or r-process is thought to produce the majority of the heavy elements (Z > 30) in extremely metal-poor stars. The same process is also responsible for a significant fraction of the heavy elements in the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2017-12-13 Andrew R. Casey , Kevin C. Schlaufman

Context. Thanks to the heroic observational campaigns carried out in recent years we now have large samples of metal-poor stars for which measurements of detailed abundances exist. [...] These data hold important clues on the nature of the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2014-05-08 Gabriele Cescutti , Cristina Chiappini

To better characterize the abundance patterns produced by the r-process, we have derived new abundances or upper limits for the heavy elements zinc (Zn), yttrium (Y), lanthanum (La), europium (Eu), and lead (Pb). Our sample of 161…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-20 I. U. Roederer , J. J. Cowan , A. I. Karakas , K. -L. Kratz , M. Lugaro , J. Simmerer , K. Farouqi , C. Sneden

The abundance scatter of heavier r-process elements (Z > 56) relative to Fe ([r/Fe]) in metal-poor stars preserves excellent information of the star formation history and provides important insights into the various situations of the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2018-05-11 Guochao Yang , Hongjie Li , Nian Liu , Lu Zhang , Wenyuan Cui , Yanchun Liang , Ping Niu , Bo Zhang

There has been a persistent conundrum in attempts to model the nucleosynthesis of heavy elements by rapid neutron capture (the $r$-process). Although the location of the abundance peaks near nuclear mass numbers 130 and 195 identify an…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2016-01-27 S. Shibagaki , T. Kajino , G. J. Mathews , S. Chiba , S. Nishimura , G. Lorusso