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We demonstrate the existence of special phantom excitations for open and periodically closed integrable systems at the example of the $XXZ$ Heisenberg spin chain. The phantom excitations do not contribute to the energy of the Bethe state…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2021-10-01 Vladislav Popkov , Xin Zhang , Andreas Klümper

We construct the coordinate Bethe ansatz for all eigenstates of the open spin-$\frac12$ XXZ chain that fulfill the phantom roots criterion (PRC). Under the PRC, the Hilbert space splits into two invariant subspaces and there are two sets of…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2022-02-01 Xin Zhang , Andreas Kluemper , Vladislav Popkov

We derive a criterion under which splitting of all eigenstates of an open $\XYZ$ Hamiltonian with boundary fields into two invariant subspaces, spanned by chiral shock states, occurs. The splitting is governed by an integer number, which…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2022-09-14 Xin Zhang , Andreas Klümper , Vladislav Popkov

The string hypothesis of Bethe roots is a cornerstone in the thermodynamic analysis of quantum integrable systems, since it connects root configurations with physical quantities such as the ground-state energy, surface energy and excitation…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2026-05-29 Zhouzheng Ji , Pei Sun , Xiaotian Xu , Yi Qiao , Junpeng Cao , Wen-Li Yang

Bethe equations, whose solutions determine exact eigenvalues and eigenstates of corresponding integrable Hamiltonians, are generally hard to solve. We implement a Variational Quantum Eigensolver (VQE) approach to estimating Bethe roots of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-28 David Raveh , Rafael I. Nepomechie

Changing the variables in the Bethe Ansatz Equations (BAE) for the XXZ six-vertex model we had obtained a coupled system of polynomial equations. This provided a direct link between the BAE deduced from the Algebraic Bethe Ansatz (ABA) and…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2017-01-26 R. S. Vieira , A. Lima-Santos

The modified algebraic Bethe ansatz, introduced by Cramp\'e and the author [8], is used to characterize the spectral problem of the Heisenberg XXZ spin-$\frac{1}{2}$ chain on the segment with lower and upper triangular boundaries. The…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2015-01-19 Samuel Belliard

Recently, the XXX spin chain with arbitrary boundary fields was successfully solved [1] via the off-diagonal Bethe ansatz method [2]. The correctness and the completeness of this solution were numerically verified by Nepomechie for one…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2013-09-26 Yuzhu Jiang , Shuai Cui , Junpeng Cao , Wen-Li Yang , Yupeng Wang

We analyze the ground state of the open spin-1/2 isotropic quantum spin chain with a non-diagonal boundary term using a recently proposed Bethe ansatz solution. As the coefficient of the non-diagonal boundary term tends to zero, the Bethe…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2015-06-17 Rafael I. Nepomechie , Chunguang Wang

At large values of the anisotropy \Delta, the open-boundary Heisenberg spin-1/2 chain has eigenstates displaying localization at the edges. We present a Bethe ansatz description of this `edge-locking' phenomenon in the entire \Delta>1…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2013-12-24 Vincenzo Alba , Kush Saha , Masudul Haque

We continue to study the excited states for the XXZ- spin chain corresponding to the complex roots of the Bethe Ansatz equations with the imaginary part equal to $\pi/2$. We propose the particle-hole symmetry which relates the eigenstates…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2015-06-15 A. A. Ovchinnikov

We study the spectrum of the integrable open XXX Heisenberg spin chain subject to non-diagonal boundary magnetic fields. The spectral problem for this model can be formulated in terms of functional equations obtained by separation of…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2011-03-07 Holger Frahm , Jan H. Grelik , Alexander Seel , Tobias Wirth

Recently there has been a renewed interest in the spectra and role in dynamical properties of excited states of the spin-1/2 Heisenberg antiferromagnetic chain in longitudinal magnetic fields associated with Bethe strings. The latter are…

Other Condensed Matter · Physics 2020-09-23 J. M. P. Carmelo , T. Cadez , P. D. Sacramento

We find an analytic solution of the Bethe Ansatz equations (BAE) for the special case of a finite XXZ spin chain with free boundary conditions and with a complex surface field which provides for $U_q(sl(2))$ symmetry of the Hamiltonian.…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2015-06-26 V. Fridkin , Yu. Stroganov , D. Zagier

We examine the question of whether Bethe's ansatz reproduces all states in the periodic Heisenberg XXZ and XXX spin chains. As was known to Bethe himself, there are states for which the Bethe momenta $k_n$ diverge: these are in fact the…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2007-05-23 Rahul Siddharthan

The transfer matrix of the general integrable open XXZ quantum spin chain obeys certain functional relations at roots of unity. By exploiting these functional relations, we determine the Bethe Ansatz solution for the transfer matrix…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2011-02-16 Rajan Murgan , Rafael I. Nepomechie

The properties of the most probable ground state candidate for the XXZ spin chain with the anisotropy parameter equal to -1/2 and an odd number of sites is considered. Some linear combinations of the components of the considered state,…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 A. V. Razumov , Yu. G. Stroganov

The spectral problem of the Heisenberg XXZ spin-$\frac{1}{2}$ chain on the segment is investigated within a modified algebraic Bethe ansatz framework. We consider in this work the most general boundaries allowed by integrability. The…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2015-04-03 Samuel Belliard , Rodrigo A. Pimenta

We review recent results on the Bethe Ansatz solutions for the eigenvalues of the transfer matrix of an integrable open XXZ quantum spin chain using functional relations which the transfer matrix obeys at roots of unity. First, we consider…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 Rajan Murgan

A novel Bethe ansatz scheme is proposed to investigate the exact physical properties of an integrable anisotropic quantum spin chain with competing interactions among the nearest, next nearest neighbor and chiral three spin couplings, where…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2022-02-09 Wei Wang , Yi Qiao , Junpeng Cao , Wu-Ming Liu , Rong-Hua Liu
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