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The vision of creating entirely-soft robots capable of performing complex tasks will be accomplished only when the controllers required for autonomous operation can be fully implemented on soft components. Despite recent advances in…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-03-10 Ke Xu , Nestor O. Perez-Arancibia

Evolution sculpts both the body plans and nervous systems of agents together over time. In contrast, in AI and robotics, a robot's body plan is usually designed by hand, and control policies are then optimized for that fixed design. The…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-12-14 Nick Cheney , Josh Bongard , Vytas SunSpiral , Hod Lipson

The skin of humanoid robots often lacks human tactility and the inherent self-repair capability of biological tissues. Recently, researchers have grown a living, self-healing skin on a robot finger by subsequent culturing of human dermal…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-01-09 Ahmad Rafsanjani , Fergal B. Coulter , André R. Studart

Equipping robotic systems with the capacity to generate $\textit{ex novo}$ hardware during operation extends control of physical adaptability. Unlike modular systems that rely on discrete component integration pre- or post-deployment, we…

This paper presents a novel soft robotic system for a deformable mannequin that can be employed to physically realize the 3D geometry of different human bodies. The soft membrane on a mannequin is deformed by inflating several curved…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-05-24 Yingjun Tian , Guoxin Fang , Justas Petrulis , Andrew Weightman , Charlie C. L. Wang

This paper addresses the challenge of co-designing morphology and control in soft robots via a novel neural network evolution approach. We propose an innovative method to implicitly dual-encode soft robots, thus facilitating the…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-05-03 Lechen Zhang

Microelectronic morphogenesis is the creation and maintenance of complex functional structures by microelectronic information within shape-changing materials. Only recently has in-built information technology begun to be used to reshape…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-05-24 John S. McCaskill , Daniil Karnaushenko , Minshen Zhu , Oliver G. Schmidt

In recent years, soft robotics simulators have evolved to offer various functionalities, including the simulation of different material types (e.g., elastic, hyper-elastic) and actuation methods (e.g., pneumatic, cable-driven, servomotor).…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-02-03 Etienne Ménager , Louis Montaut , Quentin Le Lidec , Justin Carpentier

The manual design of soft robots and their controllers is notoriously challenging, but it could be augmented---or, in some cases, entirely replaced---by automated design tools. Machine learning algorithms can automatically propose, test,…

Humans and animals are capable of quickly learning new behaviours to solve new tasks. Yet, we often forget that they also rely on a highly specialized morphology that co-adapted with motor control throughout thousands of years. Although…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-19 Kevin Sebastian Luck , Heni Ben Amor , Roberto Calandra

Complexity has been a recurrent research topic in cellular automata because they represent systems where complex behaviors emerge from simple local interactions. A significant amount of previous research has been conducted proposing…

Common disabilities like stroke and spinal cord injuries may cause loss of motor function in hands. They can be treated with robot assisted rehabilitation techniques, like continuously opening and closing the hand with help of a robot, in a…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-12-15 Cem Suulker , Sophie Skach , Kaspar Althoefer

Soft robots have proven to outperform traditional robots in applications related to propagation in geometrically constrained environments. Designing these robots and their controllers is an intricate task, since their building materials…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Hugo Alcaraz-Herrera , Michail-Antisthenis Tsompanas , Igor Balaz , Andrew Adamatzky

Commonly studied cellular automata are memoryless and have fixed topology of connections between cells. However by allowing updates of links and short-term memory in cells we may potentially discover novel complex regimes of spatio-temporal…

Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases · Physics 2012-12-13 Ramon Alonso-Sanz , Andrew Adamatzky

Robots and intelligent systems that sense or interact with the world are increasingly being used to automate a wide array of tasks. The ability of these systems to complete these tasks depends on a large range of technologies such as the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-09-02 Charles Schaff

The possibility of simulating in detail in-vivo experiments could be highly beneficial to the neuroscientific community. It could easily allow for preliminary testing of different experimental conditions without having to be constrained by…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2020-04-10 Lorenzo Vannucci , Maria Pasquini , Cristina Spalletti , Matteo Caleo , Silvestro Micera , Cecilia Laschi , Egidio Falotico

Soft robots are known for their ability to perform tasks with great adaptability, enabled by their distributed, non-uniform stiffness and actuation. Bending is the most fundamental motion for soft robot design, but creating robust, and…

For soft robots to work effectively in human-centered environments, they need to be able to estimate their state and external interactions based on (proprioceptive) sensors. Estimating disturbances allows a soft robot to perform desirable…

The Finite Element Method (FEM) is a powerful modeling tool for predicting soft robots' behavior, but its computation time can limit practical applications. In this paper, a learning-based approach based on condensation of the FEM model is…

Differentiable simulators enable gradient-based optimization of soft robots over material parameters, control, and morphology, but accurately modeling real systems remains challenging due to the sim-to-real gap. This issue becomes more…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Dong Heon Cho , Boyuan Chen