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In this paper, we study the Learning With Errors problem and its binary variant, where secrets and errors are binary or taken in a small interval. We introduce a new variant of the Blum, Kalai and Wasserman algorithm, relying on a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2015-07-01 Paul Kirchner , Pierre-Alain Fouque

The Learning with Errors problem (LWE) is one of the main candidates for post-quantum cryptography. At Asiacrypt 2017, coded-BKW with sieving, an algorithm combining the Blum-Kalai-Wasserman algorithm (BKW) with lattice sieving techniques,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-05-20 Erik Mårtensson

We provide a reduction of the Ring-LWE problem to Ring-LWE problems in subrings, in the presence of samples of a restricted form (i.e. $(a,b)$ such that $a$ is restricted to a multiplicative coset of the subring). To create and exploit such…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-07-14 Katherine E. Stange

At CRYPTO 2015, Kirchner and Fouque claimed that a carefully tuned variant of the Blum-Kalai-Wasserman (BKW) algorithm (JACM 2003) should solve the Learning with Errors problem (LWE) in slightly subexponential time for modulus…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Léo Ducas , Lynn Engelberts , Johanna Loyer

Learning with Errors is one of the fundamental problems in computational learning theory and has in the last years become the cornerstone of post-quantum cryptography. In this work, we study the quantum sample complexity of Learning with…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-03-27 Alex B. Grilo , Iordanis Kerenidis , Timo Zijlstra

The Learning-With-Errors (LWE) problem is a fundamental computational challenge with implications for post-quantum cryptography and computational learning theory. Here we propose a quantum-classical hybrid algorithm with Ising model to…

The hardness of the learning with errors (LWE) problem is one of the most fruitful resources of modern cryptography. In particular, it is one of the most prominent candidates for secure post-quantum cryptography. Understanding its quantum…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-05-24 Zvika Brakerski , Elena Kirshanova , Damien Stehlé , Weiqiang Wen

As quantum computing advances rapidly, guaranteeing the security of cryptographic protocols resistant to quantum attacks is paramount. Some leading candidate cryptosystems use the Learning with Errors (LWE) problem, attractive for its…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-08-18 Liljana Babinkostova , Ariana Chin , Aaron Kirtland , Vladyslav Nazarchuk , Esther Plotnick

The Learning with Errors (LWE) problem is a hard math problem in lattice-based cryptography. In the simplest case of binary secrets, it is the subset sum problem, with error. Effective ML attacks on LWE were demonstrated in the case of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Alberto Alfarano , Eshika Saxena , Emily Wenger , François Charton , Kristin Lauter

The Brakerski-Gentry-Vaikuntanathan (BGV) scheme is one of the most significant fully homomorphic encryption (FHE) schemes. It belongs to a class of FHE schemes whose security is based on the presumed intractability of the Learning with…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Beatrice Biasioli , Chiara Marcolla , Nadir Murru , Matilda Urani

The number of measurements demanded by hybrid quantum-classical algorithms such as the variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) is prohibitively high for many problems of practical value. For such problems, realizing quantum advantage will…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-03-24 Guoming Wang , Dax Enshan Koh , Peter D. Johnson , Yudong Cao

In this paper, we show new algorithms, hardness results and applications for $\sf{S|LWE\rangle}$ and $\sf{C|LWE\rangle}$ with real Gaussian, Gaussian with linear or quadratic phase terms, and other related amplitudes. Let $n$ be the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-08 Yilei Chen , Zihan Hu , Qipeng Liu , Han Luo , Yaxin Tu

We present a quantum augmented variant of the dual lattice attack on the Learning with Errors (LWE) problem, using classical memory with quantum random access (QRACM). Applying our results to lattice parameters from the literature, we find…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-01-06 Martin R. Albrecht , Yixin Shen

In this work, we demonstrate a practical application of noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) algorithms to enhance subroutines in the Black-Litterman (BL) portfolio optimization model. As a proof of concept, we implement a 12-qubit…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-12-05 Chi-Chun Chen , San-Lin Chung , Hsi-Sheng Goan

We introduce a continuous analogue of the Learning with Errors (LWE) problem, which we name CLWE. We give a polynomial-time quantum reduction from worst-case lattice problems to CLWE, showing that CLWE enjoys similar hardness guarantees to…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2020-10-27 Joan Bruna , Oded Regev , Min Jae Song , Yi Tang

Blind estimation of intersymbol interference channels based on the Baum-Welch (BW) algorithm, a specific implementation of the expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm for training hidden Markov models, is robust and does not require labeled…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-15 Chin-Hung Chen , Boris Karanov , Ivana Nikoloska , Wim van Houtum , Yan Wu , Alex Alvarado

We show that the Learning with Errors (LWE) problem is classically at least as hard as standard worst-case lattice problems, even with polynomial modulus. Previously this was only known under quantum reductions. Our techniques capture the…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2013-06-04 Zvika Brakerski , Adeline Langlois , Chris Peikert , Oded Regev , Damien Stehlé

Fractional Fourier transform and chaos functions play a key role in many of encryption-decryption algorithms. In this work performance of image encryption-decryption algorithms is quantified and compared using the computation time i.e. the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2014-01-24 Prerana Sharma

Finding a low-weight multiple (LWPM) of a given polynomial is very useful in the cryptanalysis of stream ciphers and arithmetic in finite fields. There is no known deterministic polynomial time complexity algorithm for solving this problem,…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Ferucio Laurenţiu Ţiplea , Simona-Maria Lăzărescu

For different language pairs, word-level neural machine translation (NMT) models with a fixed-size vocabulary suffer from the same problem of representing out-of-vocabulary (OOV) words. The common practice usually replaces all these rare or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-07-26 Yingting Wu , Hai Zhao
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