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Transformers serve as the foundational architecture for large language and video generation models, such as GPT, BERT, SORA and their successors. Empirical studies have demonstrated that real-world data and learning tasks exhibit…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Zhaiming Shen , Alex Havrilla , Rongjie Lai , Alexander Cloninger , Wenjing Liao

Transformer-based models have been achieving state-of-the-art results in several fields of Natural Language Processing. However, its direct application to speech tasks is not trivial. The nature of this sequences carries problems such as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-17 Gerard Sant , Gerard I. Gállego , Belen Alastruey , Marta R. Costa-Jussà

In many business settings, task-specific labeled data are scarce or costly to obtain, limiting supervised learning on a target task. A classical response is transfer learning (TL). Many TL works study how to transfer information from…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-14 Hamza Cherkaoui , Hélène Halconruy , Yohan Petetin

Pre-training a deep neural network on the ImageNet dataset is a common practice for training deep learning models, and generally yields improved performance and faster training times. The technique of pre-training on one task and then…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-03 Nishai Kooverjee , Steven James , Terence van Zyl

Pre-trained machine learning (ML) models have shown great performance for a wide range of applications, in particular in natural language processing (NLP) and computer vision (CV). Here, we study how pre-training could be used for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-05 Shashank Subramanian , Peter Harrington , Kurt Keutzer , Wahid Bhimji , Dmitriy Morozov , Michael Mahoney , Amir Gholami

Pre-trained Transformer-based models have achieved state-of-the-art performance for various Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks. However, these models often have billions of parameters, and, thus, are too resource-hungry and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-29 Prakhar Ganesh , Yao Chen , Xin Lou , Mohammad Ali Khan , Yin Yang , Hassan Sajjad , Preslav Nakov , Deming Chen , Marianne Winslett

Transfer learning from huge natural image datasets, fine-tuning of deep neural networks and the use of the corresponding pre-trained networks have become de facto the core of art analysis applications. Nevertheless, the effects of transfer…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-11-25 Nicolas Gonthier , Yann Gousseau , Saïd Ladjal

We present Shapechanger, a library for transfer reinforcement learning specifically designed for robotic tasks. We consider three types of knowledge transfer---from simulation to simulation, from simulation to real, and from real to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-09-18 Sébastien M. R. Arnold , Tsam Kiu Pun , Théo-Tim J. Denisart , Francisco J. Valero-Cuevas

Test-time training (TTT) methods explicitly update the weights of a model to adapt to the specific test instance, and they have found success in a variety of settings, including most recently language modeling and reasoning. To demystify…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Halil Alperen Gozeten , M. Emrullah Ildiz , Xuechen Zhang , Mahdi Soltanolkotabi , Marco Mondelli , Samet Oymak

The goal of semantic parsing is to map natural language to a machine interpretable meaning representation language (MRL). One of the constraints that limits full exploration of deep learning technologies for semantic parsing is the lack of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-06-15 Xing Fan , Emilio Monti , Lambert Mathias , Markus Dreyer

Using transfer learning to adapt a pre-trained "source model" to a downstream "target task" can dramatically increase performance with seemingly no downside. In this work, we demonstrate that there can exist a downside after all: bias…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-07 Hadi Salman , Saachi Jain , Andrew Ilyas , Logan Engstrom , Eric Wong , Aleksander Madry

Transformer architecture has widespread applications, particularly in Natural Language Processing and computer vision. Recently Transformers have been employed in various aspects of time-series analysis. This tutorial provides an overview…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-27 Sabeen Ahmed , Ian E. Nielsen , Aakash Tripathi , Shamoon Siddiqui , Ghulam Rasool , Ravi P. Ramachandran

Transfer learning is widely used to adapt large pretrained models to new tasks with only a small amount of new data. However, a challenge persists -- the features from the original task often do not fully cover what is needed for unseen…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Xingyu Alice Yang , Jianyu Zhang , Léon Bottou

Transformer, originally devised for natural language processing, has also attested significant success in computer vision. Thanks to its super expressive power, researchers are investigating ways to deploy transformers to reinforcement…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-24 Shengchao Hu , Li Shen , Ya Zhang , Yixin Chen , Dacheng Tao

Pre-training text representations has recently been shown to significantly improve the state-of-the-art in many natural language processing tasks. The central goal of pre-training is to learn text representations that are useful for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-04-14 Shangwen Lv , Yuechen Wang , Daya Guo , Duyu Tang , Nan Duan , Fuqing Zhu , Ming Gong , Linjun Shou , Ryan Ma , Daxin Jiang , Guihong Cao , Ming Zhou , Songlin Hu

The goal of text ranking is to generate an ordered list of texts retrieved from a corpus in response to a query. Although the most common formulation of text ranking is search, instances of the task can also be found in many natural…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-08-20 Jimmy Lin , Rodrigo Nogueira , Andrew Yates

Transformer is the state-of-the-art model in recent machine translation evaluations. Two strands of research are promising to improve models of this kind: the first uses wide networks (a.k.a. Transformer-Big) and has been the de facto…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-06 Qiang Wang , Bei Li , Tong Xiao , Jingbo Zhu , Changliang Li , Derek F. Wong , Lidia S. Chao

People are regularly confronted with potentially deceptive statements (e.g., fake news, misleading product reviews, or lies about activities). Only few works on automated text-based deception detection have exploited the potential of deep…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-07 Loukas Ilias , Felix Soldner , Bennett Kleinberg

Temporal expressions in text play a significant role in language understanding and correctly identifying them is fundamental to various retrieval and natural language processing systems. Previous works have slowly shifted from rule-based to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-01-25 Satya Almasian , Dennis Aumiller , Michael Gertz

Methods of transfer learning try to combine knowledge from several related tasks (or domains) to improve performance on a test task. Inspired by causal methodology, we relax the usual covariate shift assumption and assume that it holds true…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-09-25 Mateo Rojas-Carulla , Bernhard Schölkopf , Richard Turner , Jonas Peters