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Recent advances in reasoning with large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong performance on complex mathematical tasks, including combinatorial optimization. Techniques such as Chain-of-Thought and In-Context Learning have…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Marylou Fauchard , Florian Carichon , Margarida Carvalho , Golnoosh Farnadi

Formal theorem proving (FTP) has emerged as a critical foundation for evaluating the reasoning capabilities of large language models, enabling automated verification of mathematical proofs at scale. However, progress has been constrained by…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Terry Jingchen Zhang , Wenyuan Jiang , Rongchuan Liu , Yisong Wang , Junran Yang , Ning Wang , Nicole Ni , Yinya Huang , Mrinmaya Sachan

Large language models (LLMs) are known to struggle with complicated reasoning tasks such as math word problems (MWPs). In this paper, we present how analogy from similarly structured questions can improve LLMs' problem-solving capabilities…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Xiaocong Yang , Jiacheng Lin , Ziqi Wang , Chengxiang Zhai

Large language models (LLMs) with billions of parameters exhibit in-context learning abilities, enabling few-shot learning on tasks that the model was not specifically trained for. Traditional models achieve breakthrough performance on…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Aske Plaat , Annie Wong , Suzan Verberne , Joost Broekens , Niki van Stein , Thomas Back

Mapping political party systems to metric policy spaces is one of the major methodological problems in political science. At present, in most political science project this task is performed by domain experts relying on purely qualitative…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-06 Daria Boratyn , Damian Brzyski , Beata Kosowska-Gąstoł , Jan Rybicki , Wojciech Słomczyński , Dariusz Stolicki

An important challenge for news fact-checking is the effective dissemination of existing fact-checks. This in turn brings the need for reliable methods to detect previously fact-checked claims. In this paper, we focus on automatically…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-06-14 Ashkan Kazemi , Zehua Li , Verónica Pérez-Rosas , Scott A. Hale , Rada Mihalcea

We introduce an NLP toolkit based on object-oriented knowledge base and multi-level grammar base. This toolkit focuses on semantic parsing, it also has abilities to discover new knowledge and grammar automatically, new discovered knowledge…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-09 Yu Guo

Probabilistic logic programs are logic programs in which some of the facts are annotated with probabilities. Several classical probabilistic inference tasks (such as MAP and computing marginals) have not yet received a lot of attention for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2012-02-20 Daan Fierens , Guy Van den Broeck , Ingo Thon , Bernd Gutmann , Luc De Raedt

Tasks related to Natural Language Processing (NLP) have recently been the focus of a large research endeavor by the machine learning community. The increased interest in this area is mainly due to the success of deep learning methods.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-04-30 Luca Manzoni , Domagoj Jakobovic , Luca Mariot , Stjepan Picek , Mauro Castelli

Logic reasoning has been critically needed in problem-solving and decision-making. Although Language Models (LMs) have demonstrated capabilities of handling multiple reasoning tasks (e.g., commonsense reasoning), their ability to reason…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-16 Zhexiong Liu , Jing Zhang , Jiaying Lu , Wenjing Ma , Joyce C Ho

State-of-the-art natural language processing models have been shown to achieve remarkable performance in 'closed-world' settings where all the labels in the evaluation set are known at training time. However, in real-world settings, 'novel'…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-10 Neeraj Varshney , Himanshu Gupta , Eric Robertson , Bing Liu , Chitta Baral

Developing the logic necessary to solve mathematical problems or write mathematical proofs is one of the more difficult objectives for large language models (LLMS). Currently, the most popular methods in literature consists of fine-tuning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Tianbo Yang , Mingqi Yan , Hongyi Zhao , Tianshuo Yang

Previous work adopts large language models (LLMs) as evaluators to evaluate natural language process (NLP) tasks. However, certain shortcomings, e.g., fairness, scope, and accuracy, persist for current LLM evaluators. To analyze whether…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Qintong Li , Leyang Cui , Lingpeng Kong , Wei Bi

Text classification has long been a staple within Natural Language Processing (NLP) with applications spanning across diverse areas such as sentiment analysis, recommender systems and spam detection. With such a powerful solution, it is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-12-06 Amir Atapour-Abarghouei , Stephen Bonner , Andrew Stephen McGough

Formally verifying properties of software code has been a highly desirable task, especially with the emergence of LLM-generated code. In the same vein, they provide an interesting avenue for the exploration of formal verification and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Balaji Rao , William Eiers , Carlo Lipizzi

Reasoning over natural language is a challenging problem in NLP. In this work, we focus on proof generation: Given a hypothesis and a set of supporting facts, the model generates a proof tree indicating how to derive the hypothesis from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-25 Kaiyu Yang , Jia Deng , Danqi Chen

The use of Large Language Models (LLMs) in mathematical reasoning has become a cornerstone of related research, demonstrating the intelligence of these models and enabling potential practical applications through their advanced performance,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Kathrin Seßler , Yao Rong , Emek Gözlüklü , Enkelejda Kasneci

Theorem proving is a fundamental aspect of mathematics, spanning from informal reasoning in natural language to rigorous derivations in formal systems. In recent years, the advancement of deep learning, especially the emergence of large…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-08-23 Zhaoyu Li , Jialiang Sun , Logan Murphy , Qidong Su , Zenan Li , Xian Zhang , Kaiyu Yang , Xujie Si

While proof is a central component of postsecondary mathematical study, proof construction has historically posed significant difficulties for students who intend to earn mathematics degrees at the undergraduate level. This work is…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2023-03-01 Bolanle Salaam

The task of scientific Natural Language Inference (NLI) involves predicting the semantic relation between two sentences extracted from research articles. This task was recently proposed along with a new dataset called SciNLI derived from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-15 Mobashir Sadat , Cornelia Caragea