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Advanced Persistent Threats (APTs) pose a significant security risk to organizations and industries. These attacks often lead to severe data breaches and compromise the system for a long time. Mitigating these sophisticated attacks is…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Ehsan Hallaji , Roozbeh Razavi-Far , Mehrdad Saif

Identifying anomalies has become one of the primary strategies towards security and protection procedures in computer networks. In this context, machine learning-based methods emerge as an elegant solution to identify such scenarios and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-07 Lucas Biaggi , João P. Papa , Kelton A. P Costa , Danillo R. Pereira , Leandro A. Passos

As systems in smart manufacturing become increasingly complex, producing an abundance of data, the potential for production failures becomes increasingly more likely. There arises the need to minimize or eradicate production failures, one…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-07-14 Tareq Tayeh , Abdallah Shami

As the globalization of semiconductor design and manufacturing processes continues, the demand for defect detection during integrated circuit fabrication stages is becoming increasingly critical, playing a significant role in enhancing the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-23 Qiyu Wei , Wei Zhao , Xiaoyan Zheng , Zeng Zeng

We address a core problem of computer vision: Detection and description of 2D feature points for image matching. For a long time, hand-crafted designs, like the seminal SIFT algorithm, were unsurpassed in accuracy and efficiency. Recently,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-03-23 Aritra Bhowmik , Stefan Gumhold , Carsten Rother , Eric Brachmann

In this paper, we address the problem of image anomaly detection and segmentation. Anomaly detection involves making a binary decision as to whether an input image contains an anomaly, and anomaly segmentation aims to locate the anomaly on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-14 Jihun Yi , Sungroh Yoon

Fine-grained anomaly detection has recently been dominated by segmentation based approaches. These approaches first classify each element of the sample (e.g., image patch) as normal or anomalous and then classify the entire sample as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-03 Niv Cohen , Issar Tzachor , Yedid Hoshen

Industry 4.0 aims to optimize the manufacturing environment by leveraging new technological advances, such as new sensing capabilities and artificial intelligence. The DRAEM technique has shown state-of-the-art performance for unsupervised…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-20 Jože M. Rožanec , Patrik Zajec , Spyros Theodoropoulos , Erik Koehorst , Blaž Fortuna , Dunja Mladenić

Metal manufacturing often results in the production of defective products, leading to operational challenges. Since traditional manual inspection is time-consuming and resource-intensive, automatic solutions are needed. The study utilizes…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Toqa Alaa , Mostafa Kotb , Arwa Zakaria , Mariam Diab , Walid Gomaa

Detecting anomalies within point clouds is crucial for various industrial applications, but traditional unsupervised methods face challenges due to data acquisition costs, early-stage production constraints, and limited generalization…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-23 Yuqi Cheng , Yunkang Cao , Guoyang Xie , Zhichao Lu , Weiming Shen

Anomaly detection is concerned with identifying data patterns that deviate remarkably from the expected behaviour. This is an important research problem, due to its broad set of application domains, from data analysis to e-health,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-23 L. Erhan , M. Ndubuaku , M. Di Mauro , W. Song , M. Chen , G. Fortino , O. Bagdasar , A. Liotta

The field of industrial defect detection using machine learning and deep learning is a subject of active research. Datasets, also called benchmarks, are used to compare and assess research results. There is a number of datasets in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-23 Philippe Carvalho , Alexandre Durupt , Yves Grandvalet

3D anomaly detection (AD) is a crucial task in computer vision, aiming to identify anomalous points or regions from point cloud data. However, existing methods may encounter challenges when handling point clouds with changes in orientation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Hanzhe Liang , Jie Zhou , Can Gao , Bingyang Guo , Jinbao Wang , Linlin Shen

Anomaly detection based on 3D point cloud data is an important research problem and receives more and more attention recently. Untrained anomaly detection based on only one sample is an emerging research problem motivated by real…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Juan Du , Dongheng Chen

Controlling crystalline material defects is crucial, as they affect properties of the material that may be detrimental or beneficial for the final performance of a device. Defect analysis on the sub-nanometer scale is enabled by…

Materials Science · Physics 2021-06-03 Nik Dennler , Antonio Foncubierta-Rodriguez , Titus Neupert , Marilyne Sousa

Die casting plays a crucial role across various industries due to its ability to craft intricate shapes with high precision and smooth surfaces. However, surface defects remain a major issue that impedes die casting quality control.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Boxiang Zhang , Baijian Yang , Xiaoming Wang , Corey Vian

Identifying defect patterns in a wafer map during manufacturing is crucial to find the root cause of the underlying issue and provides valuable insights on improving yield in the foundry. Currently used methods use deep neural networks to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-18 Nitish Shukla

Detecting subtle defects in window frames, including dents and scratches, is vital for upholding product integrity and sustaining a positive brand perception. Conventional machine vision systems often struggle to identify these defects in…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-14 Jorge Vasquez , Hemant K. Sharma , Tomotake Furuhata , Kenji Shimada

Automatic visual inspection using machine learning plays a key role in achieving zero-defect policies in industry. Research on anomaly detection is constrained by the availability of datasets that capture complex defect appearances and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Paul J. Krassnig , Dieter P. Gruber

Point defects have a strong influence on the physical properties of materials, often dominating the electronic and optical behavior in semiconductors and insulators. The simulation and analysis of point defects is therefore crucial for…

Materials Science · Physics 2024-03-12 Jimmy-Xuan Shen , Lars F. Voss , Joel Basile Varley