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We derive a microscopic effective action for superconducting contacts with arbitrary transmission distribution of conducting channels. Provided fluctuations of the Josephson phase remain sufficiently small our formalism allows to fully…

Superconductivity · Physics 2015-05-18 A. V. Galaktionov , A. D. Zaikin

The modern understanding of the Josephson effect in mesosopic devices derives from the physics of Andreev bound states, fermionic modes that are localized in a superconducting weak link. Recently, Josephson junctions constructed using…

Superconductivity · Physics 2018-08-01 M. Hays , G. de Lange , K. Serniak , D. J. van Woerkom , D. Bouman , P. Krogstrup , J. Nygård , A. Geresdi , M. H. Devoret

We study the thermopower of diffusive Andreev interferometers, which are hybrid loops with one normal-metal arm and one superconducting arm. The thermopower oscillates as a function of the magnetic flux through the loop with a fundamental…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Zhigang Jiang , Venkat Chandrasekhar

Inspired by recent experiments, we study a short superconducting junction of length $L\ll \xi$ (coherence length) inserted in a dc-SQUID containing an ancillary Josephson tunnel junction. We evaluate the nonequilibrium occupation of the…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2017-10-23 Raffael L. Klees , Gianluca Rastelli , Wolfgang Belzig

We investigate the current-phase-relation (CPR) of long diffusive superconductor-normal metal-superconductor (SNS) Josephson junctions in thermodynamic equilibrium and under microwave irradiation. While in equilibrium good agreement with…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2009-02-24 M. Fuechsle , J. Bentner , D. A. Ryndyk , M. Reinwald , W. Wegscheider , C. Strunk

A detailed investigation of the non-equilibrium steady-state electric and thermoelectric transport properties of a quantum dot coupled to the normal metallic and s-wave superconducting reservoirs (N-QD-S) are provided within the Coulomb…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2022-02-22 Sachin Verma , Ajay

We extend the scattering theory of the Josephson effect to include a coupling of the Josephson junction to a gapless electron reservoir in the normal state. By opening up the system with a quasiparticle escape rate $1/\tau$, the…

Superconductivity · Physics 2024-09-17 C. W. J. Beenakker

We investigate nonequilibrium noise in a diffusive Andreev interferometer, in which currents emerging from two Normal metal/Superconductor (N-S) interfaces can interfere. We observe a modulation of the shot noise when the phase difference…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 B. Reulet , A. A. Kozhevnikov , D. E. Prober , W. Belzig , Yu. V. Nazarov

Multiterminal Josephson junctions constitute engineered topological systems in arbitrary synthetic dimensions defined by the superconducting phases. Microwave spectroscopy enables the measurement of the quantum geometric tensor, a…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2021-09-09 Raffael L. Klees , Juan Carlos Cuevas , Wolfgang Belzig , Gianluca Rastelli

Improvement of thermoelectric systems in terms of performance and range of applications relies on progress in materials science and optimization of device operation. In this chapter, we focuse on optimization by taking into account the…

Classical Physics · Physics 2013-09-02 H. Ouerdane , C. Goupil , Y. Apertet , A. Michot , A. Abbout

Superconducting qubits hold promise for quantum computing, but their operation is challenged by various sources of noise, including excitations known as quasiparticles. Qubits with gap asymmetry larger than their transition energy are less…

Superconductivity · Physics 2025-07-23 G. Marchegiani , G. Catelani

This review discusses the electronic properties and the prospective research directions of superconductor-graphene heterostructures. The basic electronic properties of graphene are introduced to highlight the unique possibility of combining…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2018-04-18 Gil-Ho Lee , Hu-Jong Lee

Josephson effects are commonly studied in quantum systems in which dissipation or noise can be neglected or do not play a crucial role. In contrast, here we discuss a setup where dissipative interactions do amplify a photonic Josephson…

Optics · Physics 2020-11-09 Samuel Fernández-Lorenzo , Diego Porras

In a Josephson junction, the supercurrent is determined by both the discrete sub-gap part of the spectrum due to Andreev bound states and the continuous part of the spectrum from energy states outside the superconducting gap. We consider…

Superconductivity · Physics 2025-02-12 Alex Levchenko

In spite of extended efforts, detecting thermoelectric effects in superconductors have proven to be a challenging task, due to the inherent superconducting particle-hole symmetry. Here we present a theoretical study of an experimentally…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2016-11-01 Yaakov Kleeorin , Yigal Meir , Francesco Giazotto , Yonatan Dubi

In a Josephson junction, which is the central element in superconducting quantum technology, irreversibility arises from abrupt slips of the gauge-invariant quantum phase difference across the contact. A quantum phase slip (QPS) is often…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2023-04-19 E. Gümüş , D. Majidi , D. Nikolić , P. Raif , B. Karimi , J. T. Peltonen , E. Scheer , J. P. Pekola , H. Courtois , W. Belzig , C. B. Winkelmann

Spectra and spin structures of Andreev interface states and the Josephson current are investigated theoretically in junctions between clean superconductors (SC) with ordered interlayers. The Josephson current through the…

Superconductivity · Physics 2009-11-11 Yuri Barash , I. V. Bobkova , Brian M. Andersen , T. Kopp , P. J. Hirschfeld

Quantum-phase transitions in two layers of ultrasmall Josephson junctions, coupled capacitively with each other, are investigated. As the interlayer capacitance is increased, the system at zero temperature is found to exhibit an…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2009-10-31 Mahn-Soo Choi

The density of quasiparticles typically observed in superconducting qubits exceeds the value expected in equilibrium by many orders of magnitude. Can this out-of-equilibrium quasiparticle density still possess an energy distribution in…

The thermodynamic uncertainty relation, originally derived for classical Markov-jump processes, provides a trade-off relation between precision and dissipation, deepening our understanding of the performance of quantum thermal machines.…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2021-03-31 Junjie Liu , Dvira Segal