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General-purpose artificial intelligence (AI) systems are built on massive swathes of public web data, assembled into corpora such as C4, RefinedWeb, and Dolma. To our knowledge, we conduct the first, large-scale, longitudinal audit of the…
In low-resource framework development (e.g., HarmonyOS), large language models (LLMs) often lack sufficient pre-training exposure, resulting in poor code generation performance. Although they generally preserve programming logic across…
Neural network verification tools currently support only a narrow class of specifications, typically expressed as low-level constraints over raw inputs and outputs. This limitation significantly hinders their adoption and practical…
Dynamic program analysis (also known as profiling) is well-known for its powerful capabilities of identifying performance inefficiencies in software packages. Although a large number of dynamic program analysis techniques are developed in…
We propose the use of Soft Constraints as a natural way to model Service Oriented Architecture. In the framework, constraints are used to model components and connectors and constraint aggregation is used to represent their interactions.…
Business Process Compliance (BPC) has gained significant momentum in research and practice during the last years. Although many approaches address BPC, they mostly assume the existence of some kind of unified base of process constraints and…
Using API reference documentation like JavaDoc is an integral part of software development. Previous research introduced a grounded taxonomy that organizes API documentation knowledge in 12 types, including knowledge about the…
With the growing popularity of microservices, many companies are encapsulating their business processes as Web APIs for remote invocation. These lightweight Web APIs offer mashup developers an efficient way to achieve complex…
In the digital era, the widespread use of APIs is evident. However, scalable utilization of APIs poses a challenge due to structure divergence observed in online API documentation. This underscores the need for automatic tools to facilitate…
Application Service Providers (ASPs) obtaining resources from multiple clouds have to contend with different management and control platforms employed by the cloud service providers (CSPs) and network service providers (NSP). Distributing…
The rapid growth of Web APIs has made automated Web API recommendation essential for efficient mashup development. However, existing approaches suffer from two major limitations: 1) they rely on fixed top-N recommendation strategies that…
Modern code intelligence agents operate in contexts exceeding 1 million tokens--far beyond the scale where humans manually locate relevant files. Yet agents consistently fail to discover architecturally critical files when solving…
Vehicle API testing verifies whether the interactions between a vehicle's internal systems and external applications meet expectations, ensuring that users can access and control various vehicle functions and data. However, this task is…
Preference handling and optimization are indispensable means for addressing non-trivial applications in Answer Set Programming (ASP). However, their implementation becomes difficult whenever they bring about a significant increase in…
Machine clients are increasingly making use of the Web to perform tasks. While Web services traditionally mimic remote procedure calling interfaces, a new generation of so-called hypermedia APIs works through hyperlinks and forms, in a way…
Constraint Acquisition (CA) and related research on the validation and enhancement of Mathematical Programming (MP) models from domain knowledge artifacts are currently limited by inadequate benchmarks. This deficiency impedes…
Abductive explanations (AXp's) are widely used for understanding decisions of classifiers. Existing definitions are suitable when features are independent. However, we show that ignoring constraints when they exist between features may lead…
In any sufficiently complex software system there are experts, having a deeper understanding of parts of the system than others. However, it is not always clear who these experts are and which particular parts of the system they can provide…
Answer set programming (ASP) aims to realize the AI vision: The user specifies the problem, and the computer solves it. Indeed, ASP has made this vision true in many application domains. However, will current ASP solving techniques scale up…
A software element defined in one place is typically used in many places. When it is changed, all its occurrences may need to be changed too, which can severely hinder software evolution. This has led to the support of encapsulation in…